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Discussion on the Logical Basis of Critical Thinking

Received: 26 April 2021     Accepted: 11 May 2021     Published: 20 May 2021
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Abstract

Theoretically, critical thinking has a close connection with logic science. It is only a matter of opinion whether critical thinking should be used to direct the science of logic or it should be based on logic science. Many scholars, including educators, psychologists, and philosophers have joined in the discussion on critical thinking. There are two main viewpoints on the Basis of Critical Thinking. As a foundation course based on science, the science of logic curriculum is well-developed and mature. The science of logic can be subdivided into formal logic and informal logic. One of them believes that critical thinking has nothing to do with logic science, while the other argues that critical thinking is interrelated with both branches of formal and informal logic, but it is different from both of them. What’s more, it holds that formal logic and informal logic together constitute the logical basis of critical thinking. In addition, as a form of thinking, critical thinking and innovative thinking are closely related to logical thinking and contain logical thinking. Therefore, innovative thinking is the purpose of critical thinking, and logic is the theoretical basis of critical thinking. The cultivation of critical thinking and innovative thinking is conducive to the cultivation of College Students' innovative quality and spirit, and to the improvement of the cultivation quality of innovative talents.

Published in International Journal of Philosophy (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijp.20210902.14
Page(s) 100-105
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Critical Thinking, Informal Logic, Formal Logic, Relationship

References
[1] Coon, Dennis and Mitterer, John O, Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and Behavior. Belmont, CA: Wedsworth. 1995.
[2] Tim van Gelder, Reason: Improving Informal Reasoning Skills, in Proceedings of the Australian Computers in Education Conference, 2000.
[3] Michael Scriven, The Philosophy of Critical Thinking and Informal Logic, in Daniel Fasko, Jr. (Ed), Critical Thinking: Current Research, Theory and Practice, Hamptom Press, Inc., 2003.
[4] Peter A. Facione, Critical Thinking: What It Is and Why It Counts, in Peter A. Facione, Critical Thinking: A Statement of Expert Consensus for Purposes of Educational Assessment and Instruction, the California Academic Press, Millbrae, CA, 1990.
[5] R. H. Johnson and J. A. Blair, Informal Logic: An Overview. Informal Logic, Vol. 20, No. 2, 2000.
[6] J. E. McPeck, Critical Thinking and Education, New York: St. Martion’s Press, 1981.
[7] Cui Qingtian,Wang Zuoli. Informal logic and critical thinking. Social Sciences, 2004 (04): p33.
[8] Xiong Minghui. On the Relationship between Critical Thinking and Logic. Modern Philosophy. 2006 (02): p 115-118.
[9] Robert Cogan, Critical Thinking: Step by Step, University Press of America, Inc., 1998.
[10] Chen Bo. Critical Thinking and Cultivation of Innovative Talents. China University Teaching 2017 (03): p26-27.
[11] Dong Yu. Three Misunderstandings of Critical Thinking, Higher Education Research, 2012 (12): p 1120-1149.
[12] Chen Bo. Introduction to Logic. Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press, 2007: 313-316.
[13] Xu Ben. Reading Classics: Humanistic Education in American universities. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2015: p15.
[14] Wang Liwei. Research on Applied Logic from the Perspective of Critical Thinking. Beijing: Yanshan University, 2017. p17.
[15] Zhang Xiaomang. On Creative Thinking and Logical Thinking. Zhejiang Academic Journal, 1994 (03): p60.
[16] Xiefrong, Liulifang. On the Relationship and Value of Critical Thinking and Innovative Thinking from the Perspective of Logic. Journal of Jiujiang University (Social Science Edition), 2020 (01): p81-83.
[17] Wu Hongzhi, Liu Chunjie. Critical thinking: using Argumentation Logic as a tool. Xi'an: Shaanxi people's publishing house, 2005. p46-49.
[18] Liu Ye Tao, Zhang Ya Nan. On the Relationship between Logic and Critical Thinking. Academic Forum. 2007 (03): p 81-83.
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  • APA Style

    Shi Jing. (2021). Discussion on the Logical Basis of Critical Thinking. International Journal of Philosophy, 9(2), 100-105. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20210902.14

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    ACS Style

    Shi Jing. Discussion on the Logical Basis of Critical Thinking. Int. J. Philos. 2021, 9(2), 100-105. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20210902.14

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    AMA Style

    Shi Jing. Discussion on the Logical Basis of Critical Thinking. Int J Philos. 2021;9(2):100-105. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20210902.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijp.20210902.14,
      author = {Shi Jing},
      title = {Discussion on the Logical Basis of Critical Thinking},
      journal = {International Journal of Philosophy},
      volume = {9},
      number = {2},
      pages = {100-105},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijp.20210902.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20210902.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijp.20210902.14},
      abstract = {Theoretically, critical thinking has a close connection with logic science. It is only a matter of opinion whether critical thinking should be used to direct the science of logic or it should be based on logic science. Many scholars, including educators, psychologists, and philosophers have joined in the discussion on critical thinking. There are two main viewpoints on the Basis of Critical Thinking. As a foundation course based on science, the science of logic curriculum is well-developed and mature. The science of logic can be subdivided into formal logic and informal logic. One of them believes that critical thinking has nothing to do with logic science, while the other argues that critical thinking is interrelated with both branches of formal and informal logic, but it is different from both of them. What’s more, it holds that formal logic and informal logic together constitute the logical basis of critical thinking. In addition, as a form of thinking, critical thinking and innovative thinking are closely related to logical thinking and contain logical thinking. Therefore, innovative thinking is the purpose of critical thinking, and logic is the theoretical basis of critical thinking. The cultivation of critical thinking and innovative thinking is conducive to the cultivation of College Students' innovative quality and spirit, and to the improvement of the cultivation quality of innovative talents.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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Author Information
  • School of Culture and Media, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China

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