Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review

Dagne Bekele Bahiru; Lamesgen Yegrem

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review

Dagne Bekele Bahiru, Lamesgen Yegrem

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 9, Issue 4)

Received: 27 May 2021 Accepted: 5 July 2021 Published: 13 July 2021

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution of the environment through anthropogenic and natural processes are expanded in a serious problem. Heavy metals are elements in the predict table they have high atomic weight, atomic number and atomic densities higher than 4 g/cm³, among those metals lead, cadmium, zinc, mercury, arsenic, silver, chromium, copper, iron, platinum and others. Toxic heavy metal contamination of food crops is a big concern global world mainly in developing country like Ethiopia. Ultimately, heavy metal toxicity and disease in human and animals are because of conception of heavy metal contaminated soil, food and air. The huge amount environmental contamination by toxic heavy metals are dangerous because of their uptake by plants and subsequent accumulation in food crops consumed by animals and humans is deleterious to heath. There are many known source of toxic heavy metals including the nature, which releases in to the food, air and water, and human activities like fertilizer application in agricultural farm, the use of herbicides and pesticide and wastewater irrigation. Other sources of heavy metals in environment are smoking, automobile emission, industries, swage and waste disposal. Most studies showed that vegetables and other food crops consumed in Ethiopia are contaminated by heavy metals this is associated with adverse health issues such as cancer, which is currently serious in Ethiopia. It is therefore a big concern based on those issues the communities to avoid the conception of heavy metal contaminated food items. There is also need monitoring of the levels of heavy metals in food crops and precaution of heavy metal controlling methods.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11
Page(s)	96-103
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Heavy Metals, Heavy Metal Source, Food Crop, Contamination

References

[1]	Ghandi Z, (2000). Permission threshold values of some pollutants in production of free pollution vegetables. Chemical Abstract, 461.
[2]	Irshad, A. S. and Jan, M. R. (1997). Physico-chemical studies of polluants. Prco. NSMTCC 97 on Environmental Pollution. Feb. 24-26. Islamabad, Pakistan.
[3]	Sathawara, N. G., Parikh, D. J., and Agarwal, Y. K. (2004). Essential heavy metals in environmental samples from western India. Bulletin. Environment. Contamination. Toxicology, 73: 756.
[4]	Lasat, M. M., 2000. Phytoextraction of metals from contaminated soil: a review of plant/soil/metal interaction and assessment of pertinent agronomic issues,” Journal of Hazardous Substance Research, 2 (5): 1–25.
[5]	Bahiru B. D, and Teju E. 2019 Levels of some selected metals (Fe, Cu and Zn) in selected vegetables and soil around eastern industry zone, central Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research Journal of Natural Sciences 4 (2): 78-91.
[6]	Gaur A. and Adholeya, A., 2004 “Prospects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in phytoremediation of heavymetal contaminated soils,” Current Science, 86 (4): 528–534.
[7]	Brathwaite R. L and Rabone, S. D (1985) Heavy metal sulphide deposits and Geochemical surveys for heavy metals in New Zealand” Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 15 (4): 363-370.
[8]	Shakya P. R and Khwaounjoo N. M (2013) Heavy Metal Contamination In Green Leafy Vegetables Collected From Different Market Sites Of Kathmandu And Their Associated Health Risks. Scientific World, Vol. 11.
[9]	Ghosh A. K, Bhatt M. A and Agrawal H. P (2012) Effect of long-term application of treated sewage water on heavy metal accumulation in vegetables grown in Northern India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 184: 1025-1036.
[10]	United Nations Environmental Protection. 2004. Global Program of Action; Washington DC.
[11]	Alloway B. J. and Jackson A. P. 1999. Behaviour of trace metals in sludge-amended soils. Sci Total Envi¬ron. 100: 151–176.
[12]	Gray C. W., Mclaren R. G., Roberts A. H. C. and Condron L. M. 1999. The effect of long-time phosphatic fertilizer applications on the amounts and forms of cadmium in soils under pasture in New Zealand. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystem. 54: 267–277.
[13]	Merian E., Anke M., Inhat M and Stoeppler M. 2004. Ele¬ments and their compounds in the environment. Wiley VCH, Weinhem, Germany.
[14]	Nriagu J. O. 1990. The rise and fall of leaded gasoline. Science of the Total Environment. 92: 13–28.
[15]	Armah F. A., Quansah R. and Luginaah I. A 2014. System¬atic Review of Heavy Metals of Anthropogenic Origin in Environmental Media and Biota in the Context of Gold Mining in Ghana. International Scholarly Research Notices.; 2014: 37-43.
[16]	Sankhla, M. S., Kumari, M., Nandan, M., Kumar, R., and Agrawal, P. 2016. Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil and their Toxic Effect on Human Health: A Review Study, International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods. 4 (10): 13-19.
[17]	Scragg, A., 2006. Environmental Biotechnology, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 2nd edition, 456 p.
[18]	Mortvedt, J. J., 1995. Heavy metal contaminants in inorganic and organic fertilizers, Fertilizer Research, 43 (1–3) 55–61.
[19]	Jones, L. H. P. and Jarvis, S. C. 1981. The fate of heavy metals, in The Chemistry of Soil Processes, D. J. Green and M. H. B. Hayes, Eds., John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA, 593 p.
[20]	Wuana, R. A. and Okieimen, F. E. 2011. Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils: A Review of Sources, Chemistry, Risks and Best Available Strategies for Remediation, International Scholarly Research Network, ISRN Ecology. 2011, 1-20.
[21]	Reed, S. C., Crites, R. W., and Middlebrooks, E. J. 1995. Natural Systems for Waste Management and Treatment, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, USA, 2nd edition.
[22]	Bjuhr, J. 2007. Trace Metals in Soils Irrigated with Waste Water in a Periurban Area Downstream Hanoi City, Vietnam, Seminar Paper, Institutionen for markvetenskap, Sveriges lantbruk-suniversitet (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden, 49 p.
[23]	Sumner, M. E. 2000. Beneficial use of effluents, wastes, and biosolids, Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 31 (11-14), 1701–1715.
[24]	He, Z., Shentu, J., Yang, X., Baligar, V. C., Zhang, T., and Stoffella, P. J. 2015. Heavy Metal Contamination of Soils: Sources, Indicators, and Assessment, Journal of Environmental Indicators. 9: 17-18.
[25]	Smiljanic, S., Tomic, N. T., Perusis, M., Vasiljevic, L. and Pelemis, S. 2019. The Main Sources of Heavy Metals in the Soil and Pathways Intake. VI International Congress Engineering, Environment and Materials in Processing Industry. DOI: 10.7251/EEMEN1901453S.
[26]	Bigdeli M. and Seilsepour, M. 2008. Investigation of metals accumulation in some vegetables Irrigated with wastewater in Shahre Rey-Iran and toxicological implications, American Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Science, 4, (1): 86-92.
[27]	Kumie, D. H., and kloss, B. (1983). Effects of cadmium and lead on radish plants with particular reference to movement of metals through soil profile and plant. Plant and Soil, 70: 335-345.
[28]	Birru Yitaferu. 2007. Land Degradation and Options for Sustainable Land Management in the Lake Tana Basin
[29]	(LTB), Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Bern, Switzerland: University of Bern.
[30]	Tegegne, B., ^*Chandravanshi, B. S. and Zewge, F. (2017). Levels of selected metals in commercially available rice in Ethiopia. International Food Research Journal 24 (2): 711-719.
[31]	Dagne Bekele Bahiru, Endale Teju, Tesfahun Kebede and Negash Demissie (2019) Levels of some toxic heavy metals (Cr, Cd and Pb) in selected vegetables and soil around eastern industry zone, central Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 14 (2): 92-101.
[32]	Yebirzaf Yeshiwas 2017. Review on Heavy Metal Contamination in Vegetables Grown in Ethiopia and Its Economic Welfare Implications. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare. 7 (17): 31- 44.
[33]	Adane Abebe and Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi (2017). Levels of essential and non-essential metals in the raw seeds and processed food (roasted seeds and bread) of maize/corn (zea mays l.) cultivated in selected areas of Ethiopia. Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 31 (2): 185-199.
[34]	Teklay Gebreyohannes and Abraha Gebrekidan Asgedom (2018). Toxicological assessment of Pb, Cd and Cr in lettuce and onion grown around Ellala River in Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia. Ethiop. J. Sci. & Technol. 11 (3): 287-313.
[35]	Girmaye Banti (2014). Assessment of heavy metals in vegetables irrigated with Awash River in selected farms around Adama town, Ethiopian. African journal of environmental science and technology. 8 (7): 428-434.
[36]	Wodaje Addis 2015. Assessment of some heavy metal concentration in selected cereals collected from local markets of Ambo city, Ethiopian. Journal of cereals and oilseeds. 6 (2): 8-13.
[37]	Desta Woldetsadik, Pay Drechsel, Bernard Keraita, Fisseha Itanna and Heluf Gebrekidan (2017). Heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. International Journal of Food Contamination. 4: 9.
[38]	Birhane Hidug Desta and Fisseha Guesh Gebremeskel (2019). The Contamination of Essential and Non- Essential Heavy Metals In Edible Vegetables In The South of Ethiopia, Gamo Gofa Province. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT). 67 (12): 2231-5381.
[39]	Wubishet Gezahegn W., A. Srinivasulu1, A., Aruna1, B., Banerjee, S. M. Sudarshan, M., Lakshmi Narayana1, P. V., and Rao A. D. P. 2017. Study of Heavy Metals Accumulation in Leafy Vegetables of Ethiopia. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT).11 (5): 57-68.
[40]	Tamiru Alemayehu, Hameed S. and Amare Hailu (2010). Metal Concentration in Vegetables Grown in the Hydrothermally Affected Area in Ethiopia. Journal of Geography and Geology. 3 (1): 86-93.
[41]	Aschalew Tadesse Marga (2015). Assessment of Selected Trace Elements in Fruits and Vegetables Cultivated Around Mojo, Meki and Zeway Irrigation Farms, Ethiopia. International Journal of Science and Research. 5 (4): 863-866.
[42]	Hailu Reta Gebeyehu and Leta Danno Bayissa (2020). Levels of heavy metals in soil and vegetables and associated health risks in Mojo area, Ethiopia. PLOS ONE https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227883.
[43]	Berhe Tadesse, Minaleshewa Atlabachew and Kebede Nigussie Mekonnen (2015). Concentration levels of selected essential and toxic metals in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) of West Gojjam, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. springer open journal. 4: 514.
[44]	DMello, J. P. (2003). Food safety: Contaminants and Toxins (pp. 191–215). Cambridge: CABI publishing.
[45]	Akram, H. S. M., & Richard, S. (2013). Cancer control in Bangladesh. Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 43, 115–120.
[46]	Cui, Y. J., Zhu, Y. G., Zhai, R. H., Chen, D. Y., Huang, Y. Z., Qiu, Y., & Liang, J. Z. (2004). Transfer of metals from soil to vegetables in an area near a smelter in Nanning, China. Environment International, 30, 785 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2004.01.003
[47]	Jarup, L. (2003). Hazards of heavy metal contamination. British Medical Bulletin, 68, 167–182.
[48]	Domingo D., 2008. Interactivity in the daily routines of online newsrooms: dealing with an uncomfortable myth. 13 (3): 680-704 doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2008.00415.x
[49]	European Commission (2006). Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006. JO L364, 20.12.06, pp. 5-24. 11 (1): e0146453.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Dagne Bekele Bahiru, Lamesgen Yegrem. (2021). Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 9(4), 96-103. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Dagne Bekele Bahiru; Lamesgen Yegrem. Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2021, 9(4), 96-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Dagne Bekele Bahiru, Lamesgen Yegrem. Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2021;9(4):96-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11,
  author = {Dagne Bekele Bahiru and Lamesgen Yegrem},
  title = {Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {96-103},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20210904.11},
  abstract = {Heavy metal pollution of the environment through anthropogenic and natural processes are expanded in a serious problem. Heavy metals are elements in the predict table they have high atomic weight, atomic number and atomic densities higher than 4 g/cm3, among those metals lead, cadmium, zinc, mercury, arsenic, silver, chromium, copper, iron, platinum and others. Toxic heavy metal contamination of food crops is a big concern global world mainly in developing country like Ethiopia. Ultimately, heavy metal toxicity and disease in human and animals are because of conception of heavy metal contaminated soil, food and air. The huge amount environmental contamination by toxic heavy metals are dangerous because of their uptake by plants and subsequent accumulation in food crops consumed by animals and humans is deleterious to heath. There are many known source of toxic heavy metals including the nature, which releases in to the food, air and water, and human activities like fertilizer application in agricultural farm, the use of herbicides and pesticide and wastewater irrigation. Other sources of heavy metals in environment are smoking, automobile emission, industries, swage and waste disposal. Most studies showed that vegetables and other food crops consumed in Ethiopia are contaminated by heavy metals this is associated with adverse health issues such as cancer, which is currently serious in Ethiopia. It is therefore a big concern based on those issues the communities to avoid the conception of heavy metal contaminated food items. There is also need monitoring of the levels of heavy metals in food crops and precaution of heavy metal controlling methods.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review
AU  - Dagne Bekele Bahiru
AU  - Lamesgen Yegrem
Y1  - 2021/07/13
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 96
EP  - 103
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11
AB  - Heavy metal pollution of the environment through anthropogenic and natural processes are expanded in a serious problem. Heavy metals are elements in the predict table they have high atomic weight, atomic number and atomic densities higher than 4 g/cm3, among those metals lead, cadmium, zinc, mercury, arsenic, silver, chromium, copper, iron, platinum and others. Toxic heavy metal contamination of food crops is a big concern global world mainly in developing country like Ethiopia. Ultimately, heavy metal toxicity and disease in human and animals are because of conception of heavy metal contaminated soil, food and air. The huge amount environmental contamination by toxic heavy metals are dangerous because of their uptake by plants and subsequent accumulation in food crops consumed by animals and humans is deleterious to heath. There are many known source of toxic heavy metals including the nature, which releases in to the food, air and water, and human activities like fertilizer application in agricultural farm, the use of herbicides and pesticide and wastewater irrigation. Other sources of heavy metals in environment are smoking, automobile emission, industries, swage and waste disposal. Most studies showed that vegetables and other food crops consumed in Ethiopia are contaminated by heavy metals this is associated with adverse health issues such as cancer, which is currently serious in Ethiopia. It is therefore a big concern based on those issues the communities to avoid the conception of heavy metal contaminated food items. There is also need monitoring of the levels of heavy metals in food crops and precaution of heavy metal controlling methods.
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Dagne Bekele Bahiru

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
Lamesgen Yegrem

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Dagne Bekele Bahiru, Lamesgen Yegrem. (2021). Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 9(4), 96-103. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Dagne Bekele Bahiru; Lamesgen Yegrem. Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2021, 9(4), 96-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Dagne Bekele Bahiru, Lamesgen Yegrem. Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2021;9(4):96-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11,
  author = {Dagne Bekele Bahiru and Lamesgen Yegrem},
  title = {Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {9},
  number = {4},
  pages = {96-103},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20210904.11},
  abstract = {Heavy metal pollution of the environment through anthropogenic and natural processes are expanded in a serious problem. Heavy metals are elements in the predict table they have high atomic weight, atomic number and atomic densities higher than 4 g/cm3, among those metals lead, cadmium, zinc, mercury, arsenic, silver, chromium, copper, iron, platinum and others. Toxic heavy metal contamination of food crops is a big concern global world mainly in developing country like Ethiopia. Ultimately, heavy metal toxicity and disease in human and animals are because of conception of heavy metal contaminated soil, food and air. The huge amount environmental contamination by toxic heavy metals are dangerous because of their uptake by plants and subsequent accumulation in food crops consumed by animals and humans is deleterious to heath. There are many known source of toxic heavy metals including the nature, which releases in to the food, air and water, and human activities like fertilizer application in agricultural farm, the use of herbicides and pesticide and wastewater irrigation. Other sources of heavy metals in environment are smoking, automobile emission, industries, swage and waste disposal. Most studies showed that vegetables and other food crops consumed in Ethiopia are contaminated by heavy metals this is associated with adverse health issues such as cancer, which is currently serious in Ethiopia. It is therefore a big concern based on those issues the communities to avoid the conception of heavy metal contaminated food items. There is also need monitoring of the levels of heavy metals in food crops and precaution of heavy metal controlling methods.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Levels of Heavy Metal in Vegetable, Fruits and Cereals Crops in Ethiopia: A Review
AU  - Dagne Bekele Bahiru
AU  - Lamesgen Yegrem
Y1  - 2021/07/13
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 96
EP  - 103
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20210904.11
AB  - Heavy metal pollution of the environment through anthropogenic and natural processes are expanded in a serious problem. Heavy metals are elements in the predict table they have high atomic weight, atomic number and atomic densities higher than 4 g/cm3, among those metals lead, cadmium, zinc, mercury, arsenic, silver, chromium, copper, iron, platinum and others. Toxic heavy metal contamination of food crops is a big concern global world mainly in developing country like Ethiopia. Ultimately, heavy metal toxicity and disease in human and animals are because of conception of heavy metal contaminated soil, food and air. The huge amount environmental contamination by toxic heavy metals are dangerous because of their uptake by plants and subsequent accumulation in food crops consumed by animals and humans is deleterious to heath. There are many known source of toxic heavy metals including the nature, which releases in to the food, air and water, and human activities like fertilizer application in agricultural farm, the use of herbicides and pesticide and wastewater irrigation. Other sources of heavy metals in environment are smoking, automobile emission, industries, swage and waste disposal. Most studies showed that vegetables and other food crops consumed in Ethiopia are contaminated by heavy metals this is associated with adverse health issues such as cancer, which is currently serious in Ethiopia. It is therefore a big concern based on those issues the communities to avoid the conception of heavy metal contaminated food items. There is also need monitoring of the levels of heavy metals in food crops and precaution of heavy metal controlling methods.
VL  - 9
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download