An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda

Inibehe Nya

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14

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An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda

Inibehe Nya

Published in International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 3)

Received: 2 April 2021 Accepted: 16 April 2021 Published: 21 June 2021

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Abstract

The paper assessed the rate of unemployment before and during the millennium development goals (MDGs). The purpose was to ascertain the extent to which MDGs strategies and programs have assisted in the reduction of unemployment in Nigeria. Secondary data gathered between 1985 and 2018 was used in the evaluation. Findings showed the unemployment rates before the implementation of the MDGs program (1985-1999) were relatively stable at one digit, with the highest rate being 7.1% in 1987 while the average rate for the referenced period stood at 3.74%. The contrast was the case when MDGs were introduced in the year 2000, in which year the unemployment rate jumped from 3.0% in 1999 to 26.8% in 2015, representing an increase of over 700%. During the period of the MDGs (2000-2015), unemployment rate assumed two digits, increasing from 13.1% in 2000 to 26.8% in 2015, averaging about 17.7% with its attendant impact on the livelihood of the average citizen. The sharp rise in unemployment rates during the period of MDGs is a piece of evidence that the MDG programs, despite its laudable objectives, failed to reduce unemployment and eradicate poverty. The reasons for this could be attributed to, but not limited to poor and uncoordinated funding of the program, targets mismatch and absence of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of the MDGs projects. The study also revealed that there exists a somewhat positive relationship between unemployment and poverty in Nigeria. The paper recommended among others that MDGs project goals should be measurable, monitored and evaluated, recognize the effect of violence, militancy, and insurgency on development programs and finally, government should vigorously pursue productive employment creation for the realization of its inclusive growth potentials, if the post-2015 Global Development Agenda is to succeed.

Published in	International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14
Page(s)	119-127
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Unemployment, Poverty, Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), Debt Relief

References

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[4]	Anyanwu, T. V. C (2014). 2014 Budget and Job Creation: Perform or Resign, Sahara Reporters, January 20.
[5]	Clinton, B. (1993). President Bill Clinton’s Promising Speech. New York Times, November 17, p. 26.
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[13]	Ohale, L. and Onyema, J. (2001). Foundation of Macroeconomics. Spring Field Publishers, Owerri.
[14]	Okechukwu, O. A. (2012). Rising Youth Unemployment and Violent Crime in Nigeria. American Journal of Social Issues and Humanities. 2 (5), pp. 315-321.
[15]	Onwioduokit, O. A. (2006). The Character of unemployment in Nigeria and its Link with the Macroeconomy. NES Conference on Employment Generation in Nigeria.
[16]	Peter, P. (2013). SURE-P Swings into Action to Reduce Unemployment, Vanguard Newspaper, May 1.
[17]	Raheem, M. I. (1993), Nigeria for Africa: A case for labour export. In: Oyejide, T. A., Obadan, M. I., editors. Applied Economics and Economic Policy, in Honor of Emmanuel C. Edozien. Ibadan: Ibadan University Press.
[18]	Sakong, I. I. (1971). High Capital Intensity, Productive Efficiency and Employment. Philippine Economic Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1.
[19]	Sawhil, I. V. (2011). The Connection between Employment and Poverty Rates. Brookings. September 9.
[20]	Todaro, M. (1992). Economics for a Developing World. 2^nd edition, England, Longman UK.
[21]	Umo, U. U. (2012). Escaping Poverty in Africa: A Perspective on Strategic Agenda for Nigeria. Millennium Text Publishers Limited, Lagos.
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APA Style

Inibehe Nya. (2021). An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 9(3), 119-127. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14

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Inibehe Nya. An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda. Int. J. Econ. Finance Manag. Sci. 2021, 9(3), 119-127. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14

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AMA Style

Inibehe Nya. An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda. Int J Econ Finance Manag Sci. 2021;9(3):119-127. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14,
  author = {Inibehe Nya},
  title = {An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda},
  journal = {International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {119-127},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijefm.20210903.14},
  abstract = {The paper assessed the rate of unemployment before and during the millennium development goals (MDGs). The purpose was to ascertain the extent to which MDGs strategies and programs have assisted in the reduction of unemployment in Nigeria. Secondary data gathered between 1985 and 2018 was used in the evaluation. Findings showed the unemployment rates before the implementation of the MDGs program (1985-1999) were relatively stable at one digit, with the highest rate being 7.1% in 1987 while the average rate for the referenced period stood at 3.74%. The contrast was the case when MDGs were introduced in the year 2000, in which year the unemployment rate jumped from 3.0% in 1999 to 26.8% in 2015, representing an increase of over 700%. During the period of the MDGs (2000-2015), unemployment rate assumed two digits, increasing from 13.1% in 2000 to 26.8% in 2015, averaging about 17.7% with its attendant impact on the livelihood of the average citizen. The sharp rise in unemployment rates during the period of MDGs is a piece of evidence that the MDG programs, despite its laudable objectives, failed to reduce unemployment and eradicate poverty. The reasons for this could be attributed to, but not limited to poor and uncoordinated funding of the program, targets mismatch and absence of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of the MDGs projects. The study also revealed that there exists a somewhat positive relationship between unemployment and poverty in Nigeria. The paper recommended among others that MDGs project goals should be measurable, monitored and evaluated, recognize the effect of violence, militancy, and insurgency on development programs and finally, government should vigorously pursue productive employment creation for the realization of its inclusive growth potentials, if the post-2015 Global Development Agenda is to succeed.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda
AU  - Inibehe Nya
Y1  - 2021/06/21
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14
T2  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
SP  - 119
EP  - 127
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9561
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14
AB  - The paper assessed the rate of unemployment before and during the millennium development goals (MDGs). The purpose was to ascertain the extent to which MDGs strategies and programs have assisted in the reduction of unemployment in Nigeria. Secondary data gathered between 1985 and 2018 was used in the evaluation. Findings showed the unemployment rates before the implementation of the MDGs program (1985-1999) were relatively stable at one digit, with the highest rate being 7.1% in 1987 while the average rate for the referenced period stood at 3.74%. The contrast was the case when MDGs were introduced in the year 2000, in which year the unemployment rate jumped from 3.0% in 1999 to 26.8% in 2015, representing an increase of over 700%. During the period of the MDGs (2000-2015), unemployment rate assumed two digits, increasing from 13.1% in 2000 to 26.8% in 2015, averaging about 17.7% with its attendant impact on the livelihood of the average citizen. The sharp rise in unemployment rates during the period of MDGs is a piece of evidence that the MDG programs, despite its laudable objectives, failed to reduce unemployment and eradicate poverty. The reasons for this could be attributed to, but not limited to poor and uncoordinated funding of the program, targets mismatch and absence of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of the MDGs projects. The study also revealed that there exists a somewhat positive relationship between unemployment and poverty in Nigeria. The paper recommended among others that MDGs project goals should be measurable, monitored and evaluated, recognize the effect of violence, militancy, and insurgency on development programs and finally, government should vigorously pursue productive employment creation for the realization of its inclusive growth potentials, if the post-2015 Global Development Agenda is to succeed.
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Inibehe Nya

First City Monument Bank, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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APA Style

Inibehe Nya. (2021). An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 9(3), 119-127. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14

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ACS Style

Inibehe Nya. An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda. Int. J. Econ. Finance Manag. Sci. 2021, 9(3), 119-127. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14

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AMA Style

Inibehe Nya. An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda. Int J Econ Finance Manag Sci. 2021;9(3):119-127. doi: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14,
  author = {Inibehe Nya},
  title = {An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda},
  journal = {International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {119-127},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijefm.20210903.14},
  abstract = {The paper assessed the rate of unemployment before and during the millennium development goals (MDGs). The purpose was to ascertain the extent to which MDGs strategies and programs have assisted in the reduction of unemployment in Nigeria. Secondary data gathered between 1985 and 2018 was used in the evaluation. Findings showed the unemployment rates before the implementation of the MDGs program (1985-1999) were relatively stable at one digit, with the highest rate being 7.1% in 1987 while the average rate for the referenced period stood at 3.74%. The contrast was the case when MDGs were introduced in the year 2000, in which year the unemployment rate jumped from 3.0% in 1999 to 26.8% in 2015, representing an increase of over 700%. During the period of the MDGs (2000-2015), unemployment rate assumed two digits, increasing from 13.1% in 2000 to 26.8% in 2015, averaging about 17.7% with its attendant impact on the livelihood of the average citizen. The sharp rise in unemployment rates during the period of MDGs is a piece of evidence that the MDG programs, despite its laudable objectives, failed to reduce unemployment and eradicate poverty. The reasons for this could be attributed to, but not limited to poor and uncoordinated funding of the program, targets mismatch and absence of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of the MDGs projects. The study also revealed that there exists a somewhat positive relationship between unemployment and poverty in Nigeria. The paper recommended among others that MDGs project goals should be measurable, monitored and evaluated, recognize the effect of violence, militancy, and insurgency on development programs and finally, government should vigorously pursue productive employment creation for the realization of its inclusive growth potentials, if the post-2015 Global Development Agenda is to succeed.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - An Assessment of Unemployment in Nigeria Before and During Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Lessons for Post- 2015 Global Development Agenda
AU  - Inibehe Nya
Y1  - 2021/06/21
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14
T2  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences
SP  - 119
EP  - 127
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-9561
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijefm.20210903.14
AB  - The paper assessed the rate of unemployment before and during the millennium development goals (MDGs). The purpose was to ascertain the extent to which MDGs strategies and programs have assisted in the reduction of unemployment in Nigeria. Secondary data gathered between 1985 and 2018 was used in the evaluation. Findings showed the unemployment rates before the implementation of the MDGs program (1985-1999) were relatively stable at one digit, with the highest rate being 7.1% in 1987 while the average rate for the referenced period stood at 3.74%. The contrast was the case when MDGs were introduced in the year 2000, in which year the unemployment rate jumped from 3.0% in 1999 to 26.8% in 2015, representing an increase of over 700%. During the period of the MDGs (2000-2015), unemployment rate assumed two digits, increasing from 13.1% in 2000 to 26.8% in 2015, averaging about 17.7% with its attendant impact on the livelihood of the average citizen. The sharp rise in unemployment rates during the period of MDGs is a piece of evidence that the MDG programs, despite its laudable objectives, failed to reduce unemployment and eradicate poverty. The reasons for this could be attributed to, but not limited to poor and uncoordinated funding of the program, targets mismatch and absence of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of the MDGs projects. The study also revealed that there exists a somewhat positive relationship between unemployment and poverty in Nigeria. The paper recommended among others that MDGs project goals should be measurable, monitored and evaluated, recognize the effect of violence, militancy, and insurgency on development programs and finally, government should vigorously pursue productive employment creation for the realization of its inclusive growth potentials, if the post-2015 Global Development Agenda is to succeed.
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

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