Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988)

Zélia Lopes da Silva; Ynayan Lyra Souza

doi:doi:10.11648/j.history.20200802.12

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Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988)

Zélia Lopes da Silva, Ynayan Lyra Souza

Published in History Research (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 29 June 2020 Accepted: 31 July 2020 Published: 19 August 2020

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Abstract

This article analyzes the representations of sambas-enredo (samba theme-songs) sung in the parades of the samba schools in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the carnival of 1988, the centenary year of the abolition of slavery in Brazil. The focus of this text is, therefore, to apprehend the narratives of Afro-descendants present in the representations that were exhibited by the different associations during the carnivals in these cities, making comparisons with the positions of the black movement during these events. It is also interesting to establish the differences and common elements, which were coined in these readings made by black people about their centenary trajectory after the abolition. In the narratives of sambas-enredo, the particular and universal aspects of identity (or new forms of negotiation of tension between the two dimensions) were articulated and reaffirmed for Afro-descendants, based on the link established between past and present. Finally, what motives for these questions become the group's strategies? For this article, different types of sources were researched, such as the lyrics of sambas-enredo, the synopses, the photographs and the videos of television broadcasts of the parades that allowed us to view the allegories displayed on the streets, in addition to the specialized bibliography that covers the universe of Afro-descendants, before and after the abolition of slavery.

Published in	History Research (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.history.20200802.12
Page(s)	48-58
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Brazil, Carnival, Centenary of Slavery Abolition, Samba Schools, Samba-Enredo

References

[1]	MATHEUS, Letícia. Memória e identidade segundo Candau. Revista Galáxia, São Paulo, n. 22, p. 302-306, dez. 2011, p. 205. [Resenha: CANDAU, Jöel. Memória e identidade. Tradução: Maria Leticia Ferreira. São Paulo: Contexto, 2011, 219p].
[2]	HALL, Stuart. A identidade cultural na pós-modernidade. 11ª ed. Tradução: Tomaz Tadeu da Silva e Guacira Lopes Louro. Rio de Janeiro: DP&A, 2006.
[3]	Ibid, p. 72.
[4]	RICOEUR, Paul. A memória, a história, o esquecimento. Tradução: Alain François (et al). Campinas/SP: Editora da Unicamp. 2007.
[5]	SCHWARTZ, Stuart B. Escravos, roceiros e rebeldes. Bauru-SP: EDUSC, 2001.
[6]	KARASCH, Mary. KARASCH, Mary C. A vida dos escravos no Rio de Janeiro (1808-1850). São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2000.
[7]	MOURA, Clovis. Rebeliões da Senzala: quilombos, insurreições e guerrilhas. São Paulo: Zumbi, 1959.
[8]	REIS, João José. A morte é uma festa: ritos fúnebres e revolta popular no Brasil do século XIX. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1991.
[9]	LARA, Sílvia Hunold. Escravidão cidadania e história do trabalho no Brasil. Proj. História: São Paulo (16), fev. 1998, p. 25-38.
[10]	MATTOS, Hebe Maria. Das cores do silêncio: os significados da liberdade no sudeste escravista Brasil século XIX. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1998.
[11]	MOURA., op. cit., p. 251.
[12]	MOURA., op. cit., p. 250.
[13]	REIS, João José; GOMES, Flávio dos Santos. Liberdade por um fio. História dos Quilombos no Brasil. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1996, p. 9.
[14]	ANDREWS, George Reid. Negros e brancos em São Paulo. (1888-1988), Tradução: Magda Lopes. Revisão Técnica: Maria Lígia Coelho Prado. Bauru/SP: EDUSC, 1998.
[15]	ANDREWS, George Reid. Mobilização política negra no Brasil, 1975-1990. História: Questões & Debates, Curitiba, v. 63, n. 2, p. 13-39, jul./dez. 2015. [Editora UFPR].
[16]	Ibid., p. 34.
[17]	CARVALHO, José Murilo de. A Abolição aboliu o quê?. Folhetim – Especial 100 anos de abolição. Folha de São Paulo, n. 588, p. B 8-9, Sexta 13 de maio de 1988.
[18]	RIOS, Flávia. O protesto negro no Brasil contemporâneo (1978 -2010). Lua Nova, São Paulo, n. 85, p. 41-79, 2012.
[19]	BARBOSA, Maria Valéria; CUNHA Jr., Henrique. A imprensa e a produção/reprodução do racismo no Brasil. XVI Encontro anual da ANPOCS. Anais... Caxambu - MG, outubro de 1992.
[20]	FARIA, Guilherme José Motta. As escolas de samba do Rio de Janeiro nos anos 60 e as narrativas sobre a história do negro na avenida. Faces da História, Assis-SP, v. 3, n. 2, p. 75-97, jul./dez. 2016.
[21]	LIESA CULTURAL DEPARTMENT. Sinopse do enredo da Acadêmicos do Salgueiro, 1989.
[22]	LIESA CULTURAL DEPARTMENT. Sinopse do enredo da Unidos de Vila Isabel, 1988.
[23]	GALERIA DO SAMBA. Samba-enredo da Unidos de Vila Isabel, 1988, [emphasis added].
[24]	SIMAS, Luiz Antonio; FABATO, Fábio. Pra tudo começar na quinta-feira: o enredo dos enredos. Rio de Janeiro: Mórula, 2015.
[25]	LIESA CULTURAL DEPARTMENT. Sinopse do enredo da Estação Primeira de Mangueira, 1988.
[26]	GALERIA DO SAMBA. Samba-enredo da Mangueira, 1988.
[27]	GALERIA DO SAMBA. Samba-enredo da Beija-Flor de Nilópolis, 1988.
[28]	AUGRAS, Monique. O Brasil do samba-enredo. Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Getúlio Vargas, 1998.
[29]	SOUZA, Ynayan Lyra. Críticas Carnavalizadas: as escolas de samba do Rio de Janeiro e os temas de seus enredos. 132f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História) – Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, UNESP, Assis, 2017.
[30]	SASP – Sociedade Amantes do Samba Paulista. Samba- enredo da Barroca Zona Sul, 1988. [Composers: Dorinho Marques/ Márcio Madrugada].
[31]	SASP – Sociedade Amantes do Samba Paulista. Samba-enredo da Colorado do Brás, 1988. [Composer: Dom Marcos, Roná Gonzaguinha, Edinho, Xixa and Minho].
[32]	FERREIRA, Sueli Lopes de Queiroz. TRAJES DE FESTA: um estudo do figurino do Mestre de Catopês João Farias, de Montes Claros – MG. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Artes Visuais, 2014.
[33]	GENESTRETI, Paulo. Cultura popular e sensibilidade etnográfica: Vissungos e Catopês da comunidade de Milho Verde, Minas Gerais. Emblemas, v. 13, n. 2, 10- 25, Jul. – Dez., 2016.
[34]	SASP – Sociedade Amantes do Samba Paulista. Samba-enredo da Unidos do Peruche, 1988.
[35]	HALL, Stuart. Da diáspora: identidades e mediações culturais. Belo Horizonte: Ed. da UFMG, 2003.

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Zélia Lopes da Silva, Ynayan Lyra Souza. (2020). Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988). History Research, 8(2), 48-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20200802.12

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Zélia Lopes da Silva; Ynayan Lyra Souza. Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988). Hist. Res. 2020, 8(2), 48-58. doi: 10.11648/j.history.20200802.12

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AMA Style

Zélia Lopes da Silva, Ynayan Lyra Souza. Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988). Hist Res. 2020;8(2):48-58. doi: 10.11648/j.history.20200802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.history.20200802.12,
  author = {Zélia Lopes da Silva and Ynayan Lyra Souza},
  title = {Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988)},
  journal = {History Research},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {48-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.history.20200802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20200802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.history.20200802.12},
  abstract = {This article analyzes the representations of sambas-enredo (samba theme-songs) sung in the parades of the samba schools in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the carnival of 1988, the centenary year of the abolition of slavery in Brazil. The focus of this text is, therefore, to apprehend the narratives of Afro-descendants present in the representations that were exhibited by the different associations during the carnivals in these cities, making comparisons with the positions of the black movement during these events. It is also interesting to establish the differences and common elements, which were coined in these readings made by black people about their centenary trajectory after the abolition. In the narratives of sambas-enredo, the particular and universal aspects of identity (or new forms of negotiation of tension between the two dimensions) were articulated and reaffirmed for Afro-descendants, based on the link established between past and present. Finally, what motives for these questions become the group's strategies? For this article, different types of sources were researched, such as the lyrics of sambas-enredo, the synopses, the photographs and the videos of television broadcasts of the parades that allowed us to view the allegories displayed on the streets, in addition to the specialized bibliography that covers the universe of Afro-descendants, before and after the abolition of slavery.},
 year = {2020}
}

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T1  - Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988)
AU  - Zélia Lopes da Silva
AU  - Ynayan Lyra Souza
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AB  - This article analyzes the representations of sambas-enredo (samba theme-songs) sung in the parades of the samba schools in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the carnival of 1988, the centenary year of the abolition of slavery in Brazil. The focus of this text is, therefore, to apprehend the narratives of Afro-descendants present in the representations that were exhibited by the different associations during the carnivals in these cities, making comparisons with the positions of the black movement during these events. It is also interesting to establish the differences and common elements, which were coined in these readings made by black people about their centenary trajectory after the abolition. In the narratives of sambas-enredo, the particular and universal aspects of identity (or new forms of negotiation of tension between the two dimensions) were articulated and reaffirmed for Afro-descendants, based on the link established between past and present. Finally, what motives for these questions become the group's strategies? For this article, different types of sources were researched, such as the lyrics of sambas-enredo, the synopses, the photographs and the videos of television broadcasts of the parades that allowed us to view the allegories displayed on the streets, in addition to the specialized bibliography that covers the universe of Afro-descendants, before and after the abolition of slavery.
VL  - 8
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Author Information

Zélia Lopes da Silva

Department of History, S?o Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, Brazil
Ynayan Lyra Souza

Department of History, S?o Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, Brazil

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APA Style

Zélia Lopes da Silva, Ynayan Lyra Souza. (2020). Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988). History Research, 8(2), 48-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20200802.12

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ACS Style

Zélia Lopes da Silva; Ynayan Lyra Souza. Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988). Hist. Res. 2020, 8(2), 48-58. doi: 10.11648/j.history.20200802.12

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AMA Style

Zélia Lopes da Silva, Ynayan Lyra Souza. Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988). Hist Res. 2020;8(2):48-58. doi: 10.11648/j.history.20200802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.history.20200802.12,
  author = {Zélia Lopes da Silva and Ynayan Lyra Souza},
  title = {Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988)},
  journal = {History Research},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {48-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.history.20200802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20200802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.history.20200802.12},
  abstract = {This article analyzes the representations of sambas-enredo (samba theme-songs) sung in the parades of the samba schools in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the carnival of 1988, the centenary year of the abolition of slavery in Brazil. The focus of this text is, therefore, to apprehend the narratives of Afro-descendants present in the representations that were exhibited by the different associations during the carnivals in these cities, making comparisons with the positions of the black movement during these events. It is also interesting to establish the differences and common elements, which were coined in these readings made by black people about their centenary trajectory after the abolition. In the narratives of sambas-enredo, the particular and universal aspects of identity (or new forms of negotiation of tension between the two dimensions) were articulated and reaffirmed for Afro-descendants, based on the link established between past and present. Finally, what motives for these questions become the group's strategies? For this article, different types of sources were researched, such as the lyrics of sambas-enredo, the synopses, the photographs and the videos of television broadcasts of the parades that allowed us to view the allegories displayed on the streets, in addition to the specialized bibliography that covers the universe of Afro-descendants, before and after the abolition of slavery.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Culture and Identities of Black People in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Carnivals on the Centenary of Slavery Abolition (1988)
AU  - Zélia Lopes da Silva
AU  - Ynayan Lyra Souza
Y1  - 2020/08/19
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20200802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.history.20200802.12
T2  - History Research
JF  - History Research
JO  - History Research
SP  - 48
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-6719
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20200802.12
AB  - This article analyzes the representations of sambas-enredo (samba theme-songs) sung in the parades of the samba schools in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the carnival of 1988, the centenary year of the abolition of slavery in Brazil. The focus of this text is, therefore, to apprehend the narratives of Afro-descendants present in the representations that were exhibited by the different associations during the carnivals in these cities, making comparisons with the positions of the black movement during these events. It is also interesting to establish the differences and common elements, which were coined in these readings made by black people about their centenary trajectory after the abolition. In the narratives of sambas-enredo, the particular and universal aspects of identity (or new forms of negotiation of tension between the two dimensions) were articulated and reaffirmed for Afro-descendants, based on the link established between past and present. Finally, what motives for these questions become the group's strategies? For this article, different types of sources were researched, such as the lyrics of sambas-enredo, the synopses, the photographs and the videos of television broadcasts of the parades that allowed us to view the allegories displayed on the streets, in addition to the specialized bibliography that covers the universe of Afro-descendants, before and after the abolition of slavery.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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