Real property valuation is a vital component in the privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). In Ethiopia, real property valuation is a difficult task as there is a lack of skilled manpower in the field, no adequate real estate market, and legal gaps in valuation. In addition literatures are scant about how real property valuation is done. Therefore, this study examines real property valuation procedures and challenges in the process of privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Ethiopia. To achieve the objective of the study, qualitative research approach is applied. The target populations of the study were appraisers who participated in the valuation of SOEs. A purposive sampling technique was used to select respondents. Primary data were collected from appraisers using key informant interview (KII). Document review from different secondary sources was employed to triangulate the KIIs. The data were analyzed using thematic grouping and narration. The study found that for profitable enterprises Depreciated Replacement Cost (DRC) and Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) methods have been applied while for loss-making enterprises the DRC method has been used. These methods are selected based on the preceding three years of data. Moreover, these valuation methods are not applied in a proper way and the basis of selecting these methods are unjustifiable. The valuation result of SOEs, do not reported in a standard valuation reports formats. Lack of skilled manpower, inappropriate use of the valuation approaches, inappropriate base for selecting techniques of valuation, and organizational inefficiency are the key problems faced during valuation. To improve the situation market principles should be applied in the valuation of SOEs for privatization purposes in Ethiopia. These can be achieved by introducing strong institutions responsible for valuation regulations at the central level.
Published in | European Business & Management (Volume 10, Issue 6) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.ebm.20241006.12 |
Page(s) | 104-110 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Privatization, State-Owned Enterprises, Valuation, Procedure, Ethiopia
[1] | Abidoye, R. B., & Chan, A. P. C. (2018). Achieving property valuation accuracy in developing countries: The implication of data source. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 11(3), 573-585. |
[2] | Adair, A., Downie, M. L., McGreal, S., & Vos, G. (2003). European Valuation Practice: Theory and Techniques. London, UK: E&FN Spon. |
[3] | Adegoke, O. J. (2016). Effects of valuation variance and inaccuracy on Nigerian commercial property market: An empirical study. Journal of Property Investment &Finance, 34(3), 276-292. |
[4] | AF. (2020). Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP). NewYork: The Appraisal Foundation. |
[5] | Aliyu, B. A. (2017). Factors influencing mortgage valuation inaccuracy of residential property market within Kaduna metropolis (Nigeria). Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. |
[6] | Aluko, B. T. (2007). Implications of the current trend in mortgage valuation practice in Nigeria. International Journal of Strategic Property Management 11(1), 17-31. |
[7] | Asnakew, M. B., & Amogne, M. K. (2021). Valuation inaccuracy, approaches, basis and procedures for judgment execution in Ethiopia Property Management, 39(5). |
[8] | Asres, H. B. (2019). Real property valuation in expropriation in Ethiopia; bases, approaches, and procedures. African Journal of Land Policy and Geospatial Sciences 3(2), 40-51. |
[9] | Asres, H. B., Lind, H., & Alemu, B. Y. (2020). Understanding the bases and approaches of mortgage valuation in Ethiopia. Journal of African Real Estate Research, 5(1). |
[10] | Ayuthaya, N. P. n., & Swierczek, F. W. (2014). Factors influencing variation in value and investor confidence. Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 16(5), 41-51. |
[11] | Baffour-Awuah, K. G., & Gyamfi-Yeboah, F. (2017). The role of task complexity in valuation errors analysis in a developing real estate market. Journal of Property Research, 34(1), 54-76. |
[12] | Capiński, M., & Patena, W. (2008). Company valuation: value, structure, risk: Hochschule Hof. |
[13] | Chole, E. (1993). Privatization and Deregulation in Ethiopian Industry Journal of Ethiopian Studies 26(1), pp. 33-58. |
[14] | Copiello, S., & Bonifaci, P. (2018). Depreciated Replacement Cost: Improving the Method Through a Variant Based on Three Cornerstones Real Estate Management and Valuation 26(2) pp. 33-47. |
[15] | Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). California: SAGE Publications, Inc. |
[16] | Doyle, P. (2000). Value-based marketing. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 8(4), 299-311. |
[17] | Effiong, J. B. (2015). A comparative study of valuation variance and accuracy between Nigeria and the UK. International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 57, 94-105. |
[18] | EMF-ECBC. (2017). European Mortgage Federation-European Covered Bond Council study on the valuation of property for lending purposes: European Mortgage Federation-European Covered Bond Council. |
[19] | FAO. (2017). Valuing land tenure rights: a technical guide on valuing land tenure rights in line with the voluntary guidelines on the responsible governance of tenure of land, fisheries and forests in the context of national food security. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/FAO/ Retrieved from |
[20] | Fazzini, M. (2018). Business valuation: Theory and practice: Springer. |
[21] | Fernández, P. (2007). Company valuation methods. The most common errors in valuations. IESE Business School, 449, 1-27. |
[22] | French, N., & Gabrielli, L. (2018). Pricing to market: Property valuation revisited: The hierarchy of valuation approaches, methods and models. Journal of Property Investment & Finance, 36(4), 391-396. |
[23] | Gonzalo, J. A., Pina, V., & Torres, L. (2003). Objectives, techniques and valuation of state-owned companies in privatization processes. Public Management Review, 5(2), 177-196. |
[24] | IVSC. (2021). International Valuation Standards (IVS), Effective 31 January 2022. London, United Kingdom. |
[25] | Kalandadze, L. (2017). The Issues of Real Estate Valuation in the Process of Privatization Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 5, pp. 201-208. |
[26] | Kebede, E. (2014). Privatisation’s Challenges in Ethiopia. Addis Forune, 15(753). |
[27] | Leykun, F. (2020). Theoretical Arguments and Debates on Public Enterprises Privatization: Ethiopian Focus Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development 11(11). |
[28] | Miller, N. G., & Geltner, D. M. (2004). Real estate principles for the new economy Journal of Real Estate Literature, 12(3). |
[29] | Mooya, M. M. (2016). Real estate valuation theory: a critical appraisal. Berlin, Germany: Springer. |
[30] | Nwuba, C. C., Egwuatu, U. S., & Salawu, B. M. (2015). Clients’ means of influence on mortgage valuation in Nigeria. Journal of Property Management, 33(4), 367-385. |
[31] | OECD. (2018). Privatisation and the broadening of ownership of state-owned enterprises: stocktaking of national practices. |
[32] | OECD. (2021). Ownership and Governance of State-Owned Enterprises: A Compendium of National Practices. |
[33] | Pagourtzi, E., Assimakopoulos, V., Hatzichrstos, T., & French, N. (2018). Real Estate Appraisal: A review of Valuation Methods. Journal of Property Investment & Finance, 21(4), 383-401. |
[34] | Parker, D. (2016). International valuation standards: a guide to the valuation of real property assets. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
[35] | Regassa, G. (2003). Privatization in Ethiopia: process and performance of privatized manufacturing firms. Masters, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa. |
[36] | RICS. (2021). RICS Valuation - Global Standards. London, UK: RICS. |
[37] | Schulz, R. (2003). Valuation of Properties and Economic Models of Real Estate Markets. Ph. D., The University of Berlin. |
[38] | Shaffer, S. (2005). Real Estate Appraisal. Bellevue: Rockwell Publishing, Inc. |
[39] | Surafel, Y. (2012). Short-Term Impact of Privatization on Firm Performance in Ethiopia (The case of Leather Industry). Masters (MBA), Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa. |
[40] | Tadesse, E. (2010). The Impact and Policy implications of privatization in Ethiopia. |
[41] | TEGOVA. (2020). European Valuation Standards (EVS) (9th ed.). Bruxelles, Belgium. |
[42] | Thomas, R., & Gup, B. E. (2021). The valuation handbook: valuation techniques from today’s top practitioners. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |
[43] | Trugman, G. R. (2016). Understanding business valuation: A practical guide to valuing small to medium sized businesses: John Wiley & Sons. |
[44] | Tsegaw, E. (2016). The Legal Status of State-Owned Share Companies in Ethiopia. Beijing Law Review, 7, pp. 12-22. |
[45] | Twain, M. (1995). Commonly used methods of valuation. |
[46] | Waigama, S. (2008). Privatization process and asset valuation: A case study of Tanzania PhD, Royal Institute of technology, Stockholm. |
[47] | Zhang, H. (2011). Building materials in civil engineering: Elsevier. |
APA Style
Asres, H. B. (2024). Valuation of State-Owned Enterprises in the Process of Privatisation in Ethiopia: Procedures and Methods. European Business & Management, 10(6), 104-110. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ebm.20241006.12
ACS Style
Asres, H. B. Valuation of State-Owned Enterprises in the Process of Privatisation in Ethiopia: Procedures and Methods. Eur. Bus. Manag. 2024, 10(6), 104-110. doi: 10.11648/j.ebm.20241006.12
AMA Style
Asres HB. Valuation of State-Owned Enterprises in the Process of Privatisation in Ethiopia: Procedures and Methods. Eur Bus Manag. 2024;10(6):104-110. doi: 10.11648/j.ebm.20241006.12
@article{10.11648/j.ebm.20241006.12, author = {Habtamu Bishaw Asres}, title = {Valuation of State-Owned Enterprises in the Process of Privatisation in Ethiopia: Procedures and Methods }, journal = {European Business & Management}, volume = {10}, number = {6}, pages = {104-110}, doi = {10.11648/j.ebm.20241006.12}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ebm.20241006.12}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ebm.20241006.12}, abstract = {Real property valuation is a vital component in the privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). In Ethiopia, real property valuation is a difficult task as there is a lack of skilled manpower in the field, no adequate real estate market, and legal gaps in valuation. In addition literatures are scant about how real property valuation is done. Therefore, this study examines real property valuation procedures and challenges in the process of privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Ethiopia. To achieve the objective of the study, qualitative research approach is applied. The target populations of the study were appraisers who participated in the valuation of SOEs. A purposive sampling technique was used to select respondents. Primary data were collected from appraisers using key informant interview (KII). Document review from different secondary sources was employed to triangulate the KIIs. The data were analyzed using thematic grouping and narration. The study found that for profitable enterprises Depreciated Replacement Cost (DRC) and Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) methods have been applied while for loss-making enterprises the DRC method has been used. These methods are selected based on the preceding three years of data. Moreover, these valuation methods are not applied in a proper way and the basis of selecting these methods are unjustifiable. The valuation result of SOEs, do not reported in a standard valuation reports formats. Lack of skilled manpower, inappropriate use of the valuation approaches, inappropriate base for selecting techniques of valuation, and organizational inefficiency are the key problems faced during valuation. To improve the situation market principles should be applied in the valuation of SOEs for privatization purposes in Ethiopia. These can be achieved by introducing strong institutions responsible for valuation regulations at the central level. }, year = {2024} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Valuation of State-Owned Enterprises in the Process of Privatisation in Ethiopia: Procedures and Methods AU - Habtamu Bishaw Asres Y1 - 2024/11/29 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ebm.20241006.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ebm.20241006.12 T2 - European Business & Management JF - European Business & Management JO - European Business & Management SP - 104 EP - 110 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2575-5811 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ebm.20241006.12 AB - Real property valuation is a vital component in the privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). In Ethiopia, real property valuation is a difficult task as there is a lack of skilled manpower in the field, no adequate real estate market, and legal gaps in valuation. In addition literatures are scant about how real property valuation is done. Therefore, this study examines real property valuation procedures and challenges in the process of privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Ethiopia. To achieve the objective of the study, qualitative research approach is applied. The target populations of the study were appraisers who participated in the valuation of SOEs. A purposive sampling technique was used to select respondents. Primary data were collected from appraisers using key informant interview (KII). Document review from different secondary sources was employed to triangulate the KIIs. The data were analyzed using thematic grouping and narration. The study found that for profitable enterprises Depreciated Replacement Cost (DRC) and Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) methods have been applied while for loss-making enterprises the DRC method has been used. These methods are selected based on the preceding three years of data. Moreover, these valuation methods are not applied in a proper way and the basis of selecting these methods are unjustifiable. The valuation result of SOEs, do not reported in a standard valuation reports formats. Lack of skilled manpower, inappropriate use of the valuation approaches, inappropriate base for selecting techniques of valuation, and organizational inefficiency are the key problems faced during valuation. To improve the situation market principles should be applied in the valuation of SOEs for privatization purposes in Ethiopia. These can be achieved by introducing strong institutions responsible for valuation regulations at the central level. VL - 10 IS - 6 ER -