Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo

Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou; Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same; Loic Pradel Kojom Foko; Parfait Christy Nganga; Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba; Austin Mas Ngoulou Ntsiba; Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba; Fabien Roch Niama; Carole Else Eboumbou Moukoko

doi:doi:10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14

Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo

Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou, Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same, Loic Pradel Kojom Foko, Parfait Christy Nganga, Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba, Austin Mas Ngoulou Ntsiba, Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba, Fabien Roch Niama, Carole Else Eboumbou Moukoko

Published in Cancer Research Journal (Volume 11, Issue 2)

Received: 26 April 2023 Accepted: 17 May 2023 Published: 29 May 2023

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is sexually transmitted and responsible for anogenital warts and malignancies but its early diagnosis is hampered by the people’s lack of knowledge about the disease and prevention methods, especially in resource-limited countries. Objective. The study was designed to determine knowledge; attitudes and practices toward HPV infection in an urban women community, and evaluate the factors that are associated with HPV-related disease’s lack of knowledge. Method. Between February 2021 and August 2022, a cross sectional and prospective study was conducted in Pointe-Noire (PNR) and Brazzaville (BZV) region within the Republic of Congo. Anonymous questionnaire was used to explore demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Data analysis were performed using StataSE11 software (version 11 SE). Results. Overall 250 (96.2%) of 260 people surveyed agreed to participate and of these, 70.4% were recruited in Brazzaville and, the mean age was 20.9 (min-max: 15-35) years. A low proportion (21.6%) of women reported knowing what HPV is and of these, only 40.7% had adequate knowledge of HPV. 17.2% reported a knowledge of cervical cancer, 12.0% an adequate preventive measures and all of them were adults. The mean age of first sexual intercourse was 16.8 (IQ_25-75%: 16-18) years and statistically earlier in the adolescents (p=0.0001). The mean number of sexual partners was 2.6 (IQ_25-75%: 1-3). 56.8% of participants use condoms regularly and 10.4% occasionally and, less than one-third used oral contraception. Only 3 participants received HPV vaccine. HPV infection were found in 38.0% of participants, and significantly lower among adults than adolescents (10% vs 45.7%; OR=5.43, 95%CI: 1.97-14.97, p=0.001) and, than young adults (42.9%; OR=1.04, 95%CI: 3.24-33.06, p<0.0001). Participants with more than two sexual partners are twice for acquiring HPV infection (aOR=2.36, 95%CI: 1.33-4.21, p=0.003). Study area (aOR = 0.17, p = 0.0001), age > 18 years (aOR = 2.54, p = 0.03) and age at first intercourse (17 – 21 years) (aOR = 0.40, p = 0.04) were determinants of HPV knowledge. Study area (aOR = 0.03, p = 0.0001), age > 18 years (aOR = 6.18, p = 0.009), concubinage (aOR = 0.14, p = 0.001) and 3-4 sexual partners (aOR = 5.18, p = 0.004) were determinants of cervical cancer knowledge. Conclusion. These results highlight the important of developing and implementing appropriate outreach strategies to improve patient awareness and knowledge of HPV-related diseases and to promote HPV vaccination uptake targeting adolescents and young adults in the Republic of Congo.

Published in	Cancer Research Journal (Volume 11, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14
Page(s)	59-69
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sexual Behavior, Knowledge, Human Papillomavirus, Cervical Cancer, Adolescents, Adults, The Republic of Congo

References

[1]	García-Espinosa B, Moro-Rodríguez E, Alvarez-Fernández E. Genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) in histological sections of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma in Madrid, Spain. BMC Cancer. 2012 Nov 20; 12: 533. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-533.
[2]	Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, Bray F. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021 May; 71 (3): 209-249. doi: 10.3322/caac.21660. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
[3]	Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005 Mar-Apr; 55 (2): 74-108.
[4]	Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, Bosch FX, Kummer JA, Shah KV, et al. Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol. 1999 Sep; 189 (1): 12-9.
[5]	International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). IARC working group on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans: occupational exposures of hairdressers and barbers and personal use of hair colourants; some hair dyes, cosmetic colourants, industrial dyestuffs and aromatic amines. Proceedings. Lyon, France, 6-13 October 1992. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 1993; 57: 7-398.
[6]	Murillo R, Herrero R, Sierra MS, Forman D. Cervical cancer in Central and South America: Burden of disease and status of disease control. Cancer Epidemiol. 2016 Sep; 44 Suppl 1: S121-S130.
[7]	Monsonégo J. Cervical cancer prevention: the impact of HPV vaccination. Gyn Obstet Fertil. 2006; 34 (3): 189–201. French file. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gyobfe.2006.01.036.
[8]	World Health Organization (WHO). Cervical cancer. Fact sheets. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cervical-cancer. Accessed October 26, 2020.
[9]	Brisson M, Kim JJ, Canfell K, Drolet M, Gingras G, Burger EA, et al. Impact of HPV vaccination and cervical screening on cervical cancer elimination: a comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and lower-middle-income countries. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10224): 575-590. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30068-4. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
[10]	International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Cervical Cancer Screening. IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention. 2022; 18. 467p. SBN-13978-92-832-3025-0. file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/Handbook18.pdf.
[11]	Castanon A, Sasieni P. Is the recent increase in cervical cancer in women aged 20-24years in England a cause for concern? Prev Med. 2018; 107: 21-28.
[12]	Pilleron S, Cabasag CJ, Ferlay J, Bray F, Luciani S, Almonte M, Piñeros M. Cervical cancer burden in Latin America and the Caribbean: Where are we? Int J Cancer. 2020; 147 (6): 1638-1648.
[13]	Canfell K, Shi JF, Lew JB, et al. Prevention of cervical cancer in rural China: evaluation of HPV vaccination and primary HPV screening strategies. Vaccine. 2011; 29: 2487-2494.
[14]	Campos NG, Sharma M, Clark A, Lee K, Geng F, Regan C, et al. The health and economic impact of scaling cervical cancer prevention in 50 low- and lower-middle-income countries. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2017; 138 Suppl 1: 47-56.
[15]	Bosch FX, Robles C, Díaz M, Arbyn M, Baussano I, Clavel C, et al. HPV-FASTER: broadening the scope for prevention of HPV-related cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016; 13 (2): 119-32.
[16]	Canfell K, Kim JJ, Brisson M, Keane A, Simms KT, Caruana M, et al. Mortality impact of achieving WHO cervical cancer elimination targets: a comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and lower-middle-income countries. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10224): 591-603.
[17]	Simms KT, Steinberg J, Caruana M, Smith MA, Lew JB, Soerjomataram I, Castle PE, Bray F, Canfell K. Impact of scaled up human papillomavirus vaccination and cervical screening and the potential for global elimination of cervical cancer in 181 countries, 2020-99: a modelling study. Lancet Oncol. 2019 Mar; 20 (3): 394-407.
[18]	Tebeu PM, Major AL, Rapiti E, Petignat P, Bouchardy C, Sando Z, de Bernis L, Ali L, Mhawech-Fauceglia P. The attitude and knowledge of cervical cancer by Cameroonian women; a clinical survey conducted in Maroua, the capital of Far North Province of Cameroon. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2008 Jul-Aug; 18 (4): 761-5.
[19]	Getahun F, Mazengia F, Abuhay M, Birhanu Z. Comprehensive knowledge about cervical cancer is low among women in Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Cancer. 2013 Jan 2; 13: 2. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-2.
[20]	Kietpeerakool C, Phianmongkhol Y, Jitvatcharanun K, Siriratwatakul U, Srisomboon J. Knowledge, awareness, and attitudes of female sex workers toward HPV infection, cervical cancer, and cervical smears in Thailand. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009; 107 (3): 216-9.
[21]	Rodríguez-Álvarez MI, Gómez-Urquiza JL, Husein-El Ahmed H, Albendín-García L, Gómez-Salgado J, Cañadas-De la Fuente GA. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Male Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018; 15 (10): 2210.
[22]	Hernandez AL, Efird JT, Holly EA, Berry JM, Jay N, Palefsky JM. Incidence of and risk factors for type-specific anal human papillomavirus infection among HIV-positive MSM. AIDS. 2014 Jun 1; 28 (9): 1341-9.
[23]	Francis SA, Nelson J, Liverpool J, Soogun S, Mofammere N, Thorpe RJ Jr. Examining attitudes and knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer risk among female clinic attendees in Johannesburg, South Africa. Vaccine. 2010 Nov 23; 28 (50): 8026-32.
[24]	Medeiros R, Vaz S, Rebelo T, Figueiredo-Dias M. Prevention of Human Papillomavirus Infection. Beyond Cervical Cancer: A Brief Review. Acta Med Port. 2020 Mar 2; 33 (3): 198-201.
[25]	Amponsah-Dacosta E, Kagina BM, Olivier J. Health systems constraints and facilitators of human papillomavirus immunization programmes in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. Health Policy Plan. 2020; 35 (6): 701-717.
[26]	World Health Organization (WHO). Comprehensive cervical cancer control: a guide to essential practice – 2nd ed. WHO; 2017. 464p. French file. ISBN 978-92-4-254895-2. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/254713/9789242548952-fre.pdf;jsessionid=E4D19540BEB25CB1D7526C7ED426C6BF?sequence=1.
[27]	Boumba ALM, Malanda Mboungou Moudiongui D, Ngatali SFC, Takale RP, Moukassa D, Peko JF. Oncogenic human papillomavirus in breast cancer: molecular prevalence in a group of Congolese patients. Access Microbiol. 2021 Mar 23; 3 (3): 000216.
[28]	Sankaranarayanan, R.; Budukh, A. M.; Rajkumar, R. Effective screening programmes for cervical cancer in low- and middle-income developing countries. Bull. World Health Organ. 2001, 79, 954–962.
[29]	Tiiti TA, Bogers J, Lebelo RL. Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer among Women Attending Gynecology Clinics in Pretoria, South Africa. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19 (7): 4210.
[30]	Deriemaeker H, Michielsen D, Reichman G, Devroey D, Cammu H. Knowledge about human papillomavirus and the human papillomavirus vaccine in Belgian students. Cent European J Urol. 2014; 67 (4): 410-7.
[31]	Ezenwa BN, Balogun MR, Okafor IP. Mothers' human papilloma virus knowledge and willingness to vaccinate their adolescent daughters in Lagos, Nigeria. Int J Womens Health. 2013 Jul 8; 5: 371-7.
[32]	Poole DN, Tracy JK, Levitz L, Rochas M, Sangare K, Yekta S, et al. A cross-sectional study to assess HPV knowledge and HPV vaccine acceptability in Mali. PLoS One. 2013; 8 (2): e56402.
[33]	Makwe CC, Anorlu RI, Odeyemi KA. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and vaccines: knowledge, attitude and perception among female students at the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2012; 2 (4): 199-206.
[34]	Liu FW, Vwalika B, Hacker MR, Allen S, Awtrey CS. Cervical cancer and HPV vaccination: Knowledge and attitudes of adult women in Lusaka, Zambia. J Vaccines Vaccin. 2012; 3 (138): 6816.
[35]	Blake KD, Ottenbacher AJ, Finney Rutten LJ, Grady MA, Kobrin SC, Jacobson RM, et al. Predictors of human papillomavirus awareness and knowledge in 2013: gaps and opportunities for targeted communication strategies. Am J Prev Med. 2015 Apr; 48 (4): 402-10.
[36]	Garg A, Galvin AM, Matthes S, Maness SB, Thompson EL. The Connection Between Social Determinants of Health and Human Papillomavirus Testing Knowledge Among Women in the USA. J Cancer Educ. 2022 Feb; 37 (1): 148-154.
[37]	Haesebaert J, Lutringer-Magnin D, Kalecinski J, Barone G, Jacquard AC, Régnier V, Leocmach Y, Vanhems P, Chauvin F, Lasset C. French women's knowledge of and attitudes towards cervical cancer prevention and the acceptability of HPV vaccination among those with 14 - 18 year old daughters: a quantitative-qualitative study. BMC Public Health. 2012 Nov 27; 12: 1034.
[38]	Sabeena S, Bhat PV, Kamath V, Aswathyraj S, Arunkumar G. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Concerning Human Papilloma Virus Infection and its Health Effects among Rural Women, Karnataka, South India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2015; 16 (12): 5053-8.
[39]	Khadka K, Shah SK, TS S, Mathias J, Upadhayay A, Ghimire R, et al. Knowledge and Awareness about Cervical Cancer Screening and HPV Vaccine among Females Aged 15-49 Years in Rukum District of Nepal. American Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2017; 5 (1), 10-16.
[40]	Ranabhat S, Tiwari M, Dhungana G, Shrestha R. Association of knowledge, attitude and demographic variables with cervical Pap smear practice in Nepal. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2014; 15 (20): 8905-10.
[41]	Shekhar S, Sharma C, Thakur S, Raina N. Cervical cancer screening: knowledge, attitude and practices among nursing staff in a tertiary level teaching institution of rural India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013; 14 (6): 3641-5.
[42]	Mingo AM, Panozzo CA, DiAngi YT, Smith JS, Steenhoff AP, Ramogola-Masire D, et al. Cervical cancer awareness and screening in Botswana. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2012 May; 22 (4): 638-44.
[43]	Okunade KS, Sunmonu O, Osanyin GE, Oluwole AA. Knowledge and Acceptability of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination among Women Attending the Gynaecological Outpatient Clinics of a University Teaching Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. J Trop Med. 2017; 2017: 8586459.
[44]	Ramathuba DU, Ngambi D. Knowledge and Attitudes of Women towards Human Papilloma Virus and HPV Vaccine in Thulamela Municipality of Vhembe District in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Afr J Reprod Health. 2018 Sep; 22 (3): 111-119.
[45]	Mofolo N, Sello M, Leselo M, Chabanku N, Ndlovu S, Naidoo Q, et al. Knowledge of cervical cancer, human papillomavirus and prevention among first-year female students in residences at the University of the Free State. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2018 May 24; 10 (1): e1-e5.
[46]	Godfrey MAL, Mathenjwa S, Mayat N. Rural Zulu women's knowledge of and attitudes towards Pap smears and adherence to cervical screening. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2019 Oct 3; 11 (1): e1-e6.
[47]	Bansal AB, Pakhare AP, Kapoor N, Mehrotra R, Kokane AM. Knowledge, attitude, and practices related to cervical cancer among adult women: A hospital-based cross-sectional study. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2015 Jul-Dec; 6 (2): 324-8.
[48]	Gatumo M, Gacheri S, Sayed AR, Scheibe A. Women's knowledge and attitudes related to cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening in Isiolo and Tharaka Nithi counties, Kenya: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cancer. 2018 Jul 18; 18 (1): 745.
[49]	Assoumou SZ, Mabika BM, Mbiguino AN, Mouallif M, Khattabi A, Ennaji MM. Awareness and knowledge regarding of cervical cancer, Pap smear screening and human papillomavirus infection in Gabonese women. BMC Womens Health. 2015 Apr 19; 15: 37.
[50]	Kileo NM, Michael D, Neke NM, Moshiro C. Utilization of cervical cancer screening services and its associated factors among primary school teachers in Ilala Municipality, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. BMC Health Serv Res. 2015 Dec 15; 15: 552.
[51]	Drokow EK, Zi L, Han Q, Effah CY, Agboyibor C, Sasu E, Akpabla GS, Foli F, Sun K. Awareness of Cervical Cancer and Attitude Toward Human Papillomavirus and Its Vaccine Among Ghanaians. Front Oncol. 2020 Sep 8; 10: 1651.
[52]	Agboola AMD, Bello OO. The determinants of knowledge of cervical cancer, attitude towards screening and practice of cervical cancer prevention amongst antenatal attendees in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria. Ecancermedicalscience. 2021; 15: 1225.
[53]	Haddison E, Tambasho A, Kouamen G, Ngwafor R. Vaccinators' Perception of HPV Vaccination in the Saa Health District of Cameroon. Front Public Health. 2022; 9: 748910.
[54]	Ladner J, Besson MH, Hampshire R, Tapert L, Chirenje M, Saba J. Assessment of eight HPV vaccination programs implemented in lowest income countries. BMC Public Health. 2012 May 23; 12: 370.
[55]	Elit L, Ngalla C, Afugchwi GM, Tum E, Domgue JF, Nouvet E. Assessing knowledge, attitudes and belief toward HPV vaccination of parents with children aged 9-14 years in rural communities of Northwest Cameroon: a qualitative study. BMJ Open. 2022 Nov 15; 12 (11): e068212.
[56]	Francis SA, Battle-Fisher M, Liverpool J, Hipple L, Mosavel M, Soogun S, et al. A qualitative analysis of South African women's knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about HPV and cervical cancer prevention, vaccine awareness and acceptance, and maternal-child communication about sexual health. Vaccine. 2011; 29 (47): 8760-5.
[57]	Bruni L, Serrano B, Roura E, Alemany L, Cowan M, Herrero R, et al. Cervical cancer screening programmes and age-specific coverage estimates for 202 countries and territories worldwide: a review and synthetic analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2022; 10 (8): e1115-e1127.
[58]	Grondin C, Duron S, Robin F, Verret C, Imbert P. Adolescents' knowledge and behavior on sexuality, infectious transmitted diseases, and human papillomavirus vaccination: results of a survey in a French high school. Arch Pediatr. 2013 Aug; 20 (8): 845-52. French file.
[59]	Risser WL, Bortot AT, Benjamins LJ, Feldmann JM, Barratt MS, Eissa MA, et al. The epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in adolescents. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2005 Jul; 16 (3): 160-7.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou, Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same, Loic Pradel Kojom Foko, Parfait Christy Nganga, Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba, et al. (2023). Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo. Cancer Research Journal, 11(2), 59-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou; Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same; Loic Pradel Kojom Foko; Parfait Christy Nganga; Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba, et al. Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo. Cancer Res. J. 2023, 11(2), 59-69. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou, Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same, Loic Pradel Kojom Foko, Parfait Christy Nganga, Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba, et al. Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo. Cancer Res J. 2023;11(2):59-69. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14,
  author = {Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou and Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same and Loic Pradel Kojom Foko and Parfait Christy Nganga and Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba and Austin Mas Ngoulou Ntsiba and Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba and Fabien Roch Niama and Carole Else Eboumbou Moukoko},
  title = {Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo},
  journal = {Cancer Research Journal},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {59-69},
  doi = {10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.crj.20231102.14},
  abstract = {Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is sexually transmitted and responsible for anogenital warts and malignancies but its early diagnosis is hampered by the people’s lack of knowledge about the disease and prevention methods, especially in resource-limited countries. Objective. The study was designed to determine knowledge; attitudes and practices toward HPV infection in an urban women community, and evaluate the factors that are associated with HPV-related disease’s lack of knowledge. Method. Between February 2021 and August 2022, a cross sectional and prospective study was conducted in Pointe-Noire (PNR) and Brazzaville (BZV) region within the Republic of Congo. Anonymous questionnaire was used to explore demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Data analysis were performed using StataSE11 software (version 11 SE). Results. Overall 250 (96.2%) of 260 people surveyed agreed to participate and of these, 70.4% were recruited in Brazzaville and, the mean age was 20.9 (min-max: 15-35) years. A low proportion (21.6%) of women reported knowing what HPV is and of these, only 40.7% had adequate knowledge of HPV. 17.2% reported a knowledge of cervical cancer, 12.0% an adequate preventive measures and all of them were adults. The mean age of first sexual intercourse was 16.8 (IQ25-75%: 16-18) years and statistically earlier in the adolescents (p=0.0001). The mean number of sexual partners was 2.6 (IQ25-75%: 1-3). 56.8% of participants use condoms regularly and 10.4% occasionally and, less than one-third used oral contraception. Only 3 participants received HPV vaccine. HPV infection were found in 38.0% of participants, and significantly lower among adults than adolescents (10% vs 45.7%; OR=5.43, 95%CI: 1.97-14.97, p=0.001) and, than young adults (42.9%; OR=1.04, 95%CI: 3.24-33.06, pp = 0.0001), age > 18 years (aOR = 2.54, p = 0.03) and age at first intercourse (17 – 21 years) (aOR = 0.40, p = 0.04) were determinants of HPV knowledge. Study area (aOR = 0.03, p = 0.0001), age > 18 years (aOR = 6.18, p = 0.009), concubinage (aOR = 0.14, p = 0.001) and 3-4 sexual partners (aOR = 5.18, p = 0.004) were determinants of cervical cancer knowledge. Conclusion. These results highlight the important of developing and implementing appropriate outreach strategies to improve patient awareness and knowledge of HPV-related diseases and to promote HPV vaccination uptake targeting adolescents and young adults in the Republic of Congo.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo
AU  - Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou
AU  - Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same
AU  - Loic Pradel Kojom Foko
AU  - Parfait Christy Nganga
AU  - Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba
AU  - Austin Mas Ngoulou Ntsiba
AU  - Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba
AU  - Fabien Roch Niama
AU  - Carole Else Eboumbou Moukoko
Y1  - 2023/05/29
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14
T2  - Cancer Research Journal
JF  - Cancer Research Journal
JO  - Cancer Research Journal
SP  - 59
EP  - 69
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8214
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14
AB  - Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is sexually transmitted and responsible for anogenital warts and malignancies but its early diagnosis is hampered by the people’s lack of knowledge about the disease and prevention methods, especially in resource-limited countries. Objective. The study was designed to determine knowledge; attitudes and practices toward HPV infection in an urban women community, and evaluate the factors that are associated with HPV-related disease’s lack of knowledge. Method. Between February 2021 and August 2022, a cross sectional and prospective study was conducted in Pointe-Noire (PNR) and Brazzaville (BZV) region within the Republic of Congo. Anonymous questionnaire was used to explore demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Data analysis were performed using StataSE11 software (version 11 SE). Results. Overall 250 (96.2%) of 260 people surveyed agreed to participate and of these, 70.4% were recruited in Brazzaville and, the mean age was 20.9 (min-max: 15-35) years. A low proportion (21.6%) of women reported knowing what HPV is and of these, only 40.7% had adequate knowledge of HPV. 17.2% reported a knowledge of cervical cancer, 12.0% an adequate preventive measures and all of them were adults. The mean age of first sexual intercourse was 16.8 (IQ25-75%: 16-18) years and statistically earlier in the adolescents (p=0.0001). The mean number of sexual partners was 2.6 (IQ25-75%: 1-3). 56.8% of participants use condoms regularly and 10.4% occasionally and, less than one-third used oral contraception. Only 3 participants received HPV vaccine. HPV infection were found in 38.0% of participants, and significantly lower among adults than adolescents (10% vs 45.7%; OR=5.43, 95%CI: 1.97-14.97, p=0.001) and, than young adults (42.9%; OR=1.04, 95%CI: 3.24-33.06, pp = 0.0001), age > 18 years (aOR = 2.54, p = 0.03) and age at first intercourse (17 – 21 years) (aOR = 0.40, p = 0.04) were determinants of HPV knowledge. Study area (aOR = 0.03, p = 0.0001), age > 18 years (aOR = 6.18, p = 0.009), concubinage (aOR = 0.14, p = 0.001) and 3-4 sexual partners (aOR = 5.18, p = 0.004) were determinants of cervical cancer knowledge. Conclusion. These results highlight the important of developing and implementing appropriate outreach strategies to improve patient awareness and knowledge of HPV-related diseases and to promote HPV vaccination uptake targeting adolescents and young adults in the Republic of Congo.
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou

Laboratory of Parasitology, Mycology and Virology, Postgraduate Training Unit for Health Sciences, Postgraduate School for Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same

Laboratory of Parasitology, Mycology and Virology, Postgraduate Training Unit for Health Sciences, Postgraduate School for Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Loic Pradel Kojom Foko

Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
Parfait Christy Nganga

Clinic of the Foundation Marie Madeleine GOMBES, Pointe-Noire, Congo
Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba

Faculty of Health Sciences, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Austin Mas Ngoulou Ntsiba

Ministry of Health and Population, Brazzaville, Congo
Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba

Clinic of the Foundation Marie Madeleine GOMBES, Pointe-Noire, Congo
Fabien Roch Niama

Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Carole Else Eboumbou Moukoko

Laboratory of Parasitology, Mycology and Virology, Postgraduate Training Unit for Health Sciences, Postgraduate School for Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou, Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same, Loic Pradel Kojom Foko, Parfait Christy Nganga, Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba, et al. (2023). Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo. Cancer Research Journal, 11(2), 59-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou; Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same; Loic Pradel Kojom Foko; Parfait Christy Nganga; Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba, et al. Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo. Cancer Res. J. 2023, 11(2), 59-69. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou, Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same, Loic Pradel Kojom Foko, Parfait Christy Nganga, Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba, et al. Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo. Cancer Res J. 2023;11(2):59-69. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14,
  author = {Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou and Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same and Loic Pradel Kojom Foko and Parfait Christy Nganga and Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba and Austin Mas Ngoulou Ntsiba and Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba and Fabien Roch Niama and Carole Else Eboumbou Moukoko},
  title = {Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo},
  journal = {Cancer Research Journal},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {59-69},
  doi = {10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.crj.20231102.14},
  abstract = {Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is sexually transmitted and responsible for anogenital warts and malignancies but its early diagnosis is hampered by the people’s lack of knowledge about the disease and prevention methods, especially in resource-limited countries. Objective. The study was designed to determine knowledge; attitudes and practices toward HPV infection in an urban women community, and evaluate the factors that are associated with HPV-related disease’s lack of knowledge. Method. Between February 2021 and August 2022, a cross sectional and prospective study was conducted in Pointe-Noire (PNR) and Brazzaville (BZV) region within the Republic of Congo. Anonymous questionnaire was used to explore demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Data analysis were performed using StataSE11 software (version 11 SE). Results. Overall 250 (96.2%) of 260 people surveyed agreed to participate and of these, 70.4% were recruited in Brazzaville and, the mean age was 20.9 (min-max: 15-35) years. A low proportion (21.6%) of women reported knowing what HPV is and of these, only 40.7% had adequate knowledge of HPV. 17.2% reported a knowledge of cervical cancer, 12.0% an adequate preventive measures and all of them were adults. The mean age of first sexual intercourse was 16.8 (IQ25-75%: 16-18) years and statistically earlier in the adolescents (p=0.0001). The mean number of sexual partners was 2.6 (IQ25-75%: 1-3). 56.8% of participants use condoms regularly and 10.4% occasionally and, less than one-third used oral contraception. Only 3 participants received HPV vaccine. HPV infection were found in 38.0% of participants, and significantly lower among adults than adolescents (10% vs 45.7%; OR=5.43, 95%CI: 1.97-14.97, p=0.001) and, than young adults (42.9%; OR=1.04, 95%CI: 3.24-33.06, pp = 0.0001), age > 18 years (aOR = 2.54, p = 0.03) and age at first intercourse (17 – 21 years) (aOR = 0.40, p = 0.04) were determinants of HPV knowledge. Study area (aOR = 0.03, p = 0.0001), age > 18 years (aOR = 6.18, p = 0.009), concubinage (aOR = 0.14, p = 0.001) and 3-4 sexual partners (aOR = 5.18, p = 0.004) were determinants of cervical cancer knowledge. Conclusion. These results highlight the important of developing and implementing appropriate outreach strategies to improve patient awareness and knowledge of HPV-related diseases and to promote HPV vaccination uptake targeting adolescents and young adults in the Republic of Congo.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Knowledge, Sexual Behaviors on Human Papillomavirus Infections and Associated Factors: Survey Among Female Adolescents and Adults in the Republic of Congo
AU  - Roch Bredin Bissala Nkounkou
AU  - Estelle Géraldine Essangui Same
AU  - Loic Pradel Kojom Foko
AU  - Parfait Christy Nganga
AU  - Paola Candyse Tsimba Lemba
AU  - Austin Mas Ngoulou Ntsiba
AU  - Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba
AU  - Fabien Roch Niama
AU  - Carole Else Eboumbou Moukoko
Y1  - 2023/05/29
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14
T2  - Cancer Research Journal
JF  - Cancer Research Journal
JO  - Cancer Research Journal
SP  - 59
EP  - 69
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8214
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.20231102.14
AB  - Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is sexually transmitted and responsible for anogenital warts and malignancies but its early diagnosis is hampered by the people’s lack of knowledge about the disease and prevention methods, especially in resource-limited countries. Objective. The study was designed to determine knowledge; attitudes and practices toward HPV infection in an urban women community, and evaluate the factors that are associated with HPV-related disease’s lack of knowledge. Method. Between February 2021 and August 2022, a cross sectional and prospective study was conducted in Pointe-Noire (PNR) and Brazzaville (BZV) region within the Republic of Congo. Anonymous questionnaire was used to explore demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Data analysis were performed using StataSE11 software (version 11 SE). Results. Overall 250 (96.2%) of 260 people surveyed agreed to participate and of these, 70.4% were recruited in Brazzaville and, the mean age was 20.9 (min-max: 15-35) years. A low proportion (21.6%) of women reported knowing what HPV is and of these, only 40.7% had adequate knowledge of HPV. 17.2% reported a knowledge of cervical cancer, 12.0% an adequate preventive measures and all of them were adults. The mean age of first sexual intercourse was 16.8 (IQ25-75%: 16-18) years and statistically earlier in the adolescents (p=0.0001). The mean number of sexual partners was 2.6 (IQ25-75%: 1-3). 56.8% of participants use condoms regularly and 10.4% occasionally and, less than one-third used oral contraception. Only 3 participants received HPV vaccine. HPV infection were found in 38.0% of participants, and significantly lower among adults than adolescents (10% vs 45.7%; OR=5.43, 95%CI: 1.97-14.97, p=0.001) and, than young adults (42.9%; OR=1.04, 95%CI: 3.24-33.06, pp = 0.0001), age > 18 years (aOR = 2.54, p = 0.03) and age at first intercourse (17 – 21 years) (aOR = 0.40, p = 0.04) were determinants of HPV knowledge. Study area (aOR = 0.03, p = 0.0001), age > 18 years (aOR = 6.18, p = 0.009), concubinage (aOR = 0.14, p = 0.001) and 3-4 sexual partners (aOR = 5.18, p = 0.004) were determinants of cervical cancer knowledge. Conclusion. These results highlight the important of developing and implementing appropriate outreach strategies to improve patient awareness and knowledge of HPV-related diseases and to promote HPV vaccination uptake targeting adolescents and young adults in the Republic of Congo.
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download