Advancements in Cardamom (<i>Elettaria cardamomum </i>Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions

Mohammedsani Zakir Shehasen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.be.20240802.12

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Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions

Mohammedsani Zakir Shehasen^*

Published in Bioprocess Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 2 October 2024 Accepted: 29 October 2024 Published: 20 November 2024

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Abstract

Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton), often referred to as the 'Queen of Spices,' belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and is noted for its unique flavor and aroma. As an herbaceous perennial, cardamom thrives in the shaded environments of the Western Ghats in South India, where it exhibits significant genetic diversity necessary for breeding improvement. This paper explores the genetic resources of cardamom, including advances in breeding methodologies and biotechnological approaches aimed at enhancing productivity and quality. Key breeding strategies include clonal selection, hybridization, and mutation breeding, which have led to the development of several high-yielding and stress-resistant varieties. The integration of molecular techniques, such as marker-assisted selection and genetic transformation, offers prospects for tapping into cardamom's genetic diversity for future improvements. However, the genetic erosion of natural cardamom populations necessitates urgent conservation efforts to safeguard this valuable germplasm. This review emphasizes the importance of innovative breeding techniques and strategic direction for the sustainable enhancement of cardamom as a critical global spice crop.

Published in	Bioprocess Engineering (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.be.20240802.12
Page(s)	36-47
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cardamom, Breeding Improvement, Genetic Diversity, Biotechnological Approaches, Sustainable Agriculture

References

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Shehasen, M. Z. (2024). Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions. Bioprocess Engineering, 8(2), 36-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20240802.12

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Shehasen, M. Z. Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions. Bioprocess Eng. 2024, 8(2), 36-47. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20240802.12

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Shehasen MZ. Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions. Bioprocess Eng. 2024;8(2):36-47. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20240802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.be.20240802.12,
  author = {Mohammedsani Zakir Shehasen},
  title = {Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions
},
  journal = {Bioprocess Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {36-47},
  doi = {10.11648/j.be.20240802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20240802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.be.20240802.12},
  abstract = {Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton), often referred to as the 'Queen of Spices,' belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and is noted for its unique flavor and aroma. As an herbaceous perennial, cardamom thrives in the shaded environments of the Western Ghats in South India, where it exhibits significant genetic diversity necessary for breeding improvement. This paper explores the genetic resources of cardamom, including advances in breeding methodologies and biotechnological approaches aimed at enhancing productivity and quality. Key breeding strategies include clonal selection, hybridization, and mutation breeding, which have led to the development of several high-yielding and stress-resistant varieties. The integration of molecular techniques, such as marker-assisted selection and genetic transformation, offers prospects for tapping into cardamom's genetic diversity for future improvements. However, the genetic erosion of natural cardamom populations necessitates urgent conservation efforts to safeguard this valuable germplasm. This review emphasizes the importance of innovative breeding techniques and strategic direction for the sustainable enhancement of cardamom as a critical global spice crop.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions

AU  - Mohammedsani Zakir Shehasen
Y1  - 2024/11/20
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20240802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.be.20240802.12
T2  - Bioprocess Engineering
JF  - Bioprocess Engineering
JO  - Bioprocess Engineering
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AB  - Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton), often referred to as the 'Queen of Spices,' belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and is noted for its unique flavor and aroma. As an herbaceous perennial, cardamom thrives in the shaded environments of the Western Ghats in South India, where it exhibits significant genetic diversity necessary for breeding improvement. This paper explores the genetic resources of cardamom, including advances in breeding methodologies and biotechnological approaches aimed at enhancing productivity and quality. Key breeding strategies include clonal selection, hybridization, and mutation breeding, which have led to the development of several high-yielding and stress-resistant varieties. The integration of molecular techniques, such as marker-assisted selection and genetic transformation, offers prospects for tapping into cardamom's genetic diversity for future improvements. However, the genetic erosion of natural cardamom populations necessitates urgent conservation efforts to safeguard this valuable germplasm. This review emphasizes the importance of innovative breeding techniques and strategic direction for the sustainable enhancement of cardamom as a critical global spice crop.

VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Mohammedsani Zakir Shehasen

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Jimma, Ethiopia

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http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-4289

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Shehasen, M. Z. (2024). Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions. Bioprocess Engineering, 8(2), 36-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20240802.12

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ACS Style

Shehasen, M. Z. Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions. Bioprocess Eng. 2024, 8(2), 36-47. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20240802.12

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AMA Style

Shehasen MZ. Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions. Bioprocess Eng. 2024;8(2):36-47. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20240802.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.be.20240802.12,
  author = {Mohammedsani Zakir Shehasen},
  title = {Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions
},
  journal = {Bioprocess Engineering},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {36-47},
  doi = {10.11648/j.be.20240802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20240802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.be.20240802.12},
  abstract = {Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton), often referred to as the 'Queen of Spices,' belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and is noted for its unique flavor and aroma. As an herbaceous perennial, cardamom thrives in the shaded environments of the Western Ghats in South India, where it exhibits significant genetic diversity necessary for breeding improvement. This paper explores the genetic resources of cardamom, including advances in breeding methodologies and biotechnological approaches aimed at enhancing productivity and quality. Key breeding strategies include clonal selection, hybridization, and mutation breeding, which have led to the development of several high-yielding and stress-resistant varieties. The integration of molecular techniques, such as marker-assisted selection and genetic transformation, offers prospects for tapping into cardamom's genetic diversity for future improvements. However, the genetic erosion of natural cardamom populations necessitates urgent conservation efforts to safeguard this valuable germplasm. This review emphasizes the importance of innovative breeding techniques and strategic direction for the sustainable enhancement of cardamom as a critical global spice crop.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Advancements in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) Breeding: Genetic Diversity, Biotech Strategies, and Future Directions

AU  - Mohammedsani Zakir Shehasen
Y1  - 2024/11/20
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20240802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.be.20240802.12
T2  - Bioprocess Engineering
JF  - Bioprocess Engineering
JO  - Bioprocess Engineering
SP  - 36
EP  - 47
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8701
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20240802.12
AB  - Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton), often referred to as the 'Queen of Spices,' belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and is noted for its unique flavor and aroma. As an herbaceous perennial, cardamom thrives in the shaded environments of the Western Ghats in South India, where it exhibits significant genetic diversity necessary for breeding improvement. This paper explores the genetic resources of cardamom, including advances in breeding methodologies and biotechnological approaches aimed at enhancing productivity and quality. Key breeding strategies include clonal selection, hybridization, and mutation breeding, which have led to the development of several high-yielding and stress-resistant varieties. The integration of molecular techniques, such as marker-assisted selection and genetic transformation, offers prospects for tapping into cardamom's genetic diversity for future improvements. However, the genetic erosion of natural cardamom populations necessitates urgent conservation efforts to safeguard this valuable germplasm. This review emphasizes the importance of innovative breeding techniques and strategic direction for the sustainable enhancement of cardamom as a critical global spice crop.

VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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