Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (<i>Oryza sativa </i>L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region

Demsew Bekele; Abebe Getu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11

Research Article |

| Peer-Reviewed

Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region

Demsew Bekele^*

, Abebe Getu

Published in American Journal of Plant Biology (Volume 9, Issue 2)

Received: 18 November 2023 Accepted: 27 March 2024 Published: 17 April 2024

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted for three years to evaluate and determine economic optimum rate of NPSB blended + urea fertilizers for upland rice production in Fogera and Libokemkem districts of Amhara Region. Blended NPSB fertilizer rates of 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha^-1 were factorially combined with 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg urea ha^-1. Zero fertilizer as control treatment and recommended NP as a reference treatment were included in the study. The treatments were laid in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results show that, in Libokemikem district, the maximum grain yield of 4.9 t ha^-1 was obtained from 200 kg NPSB + 250 kg Urea ha^-1, while the maximum dry biomass yield of 10.2 t ha^-1 was recorded from 250 kg NPSB + 250 kg Urea ha^-1. In Fogera district, the maximum grain and biomass yields of 6.1 and 15 t ha^-1, respectively were obtained from 250 kg NPSB + 200 kg Urea ha^-1. The partial budget analysis of the pooled data indicate that at Libokemikem district, the maximum net economic return (NER) of Ethiopian birr (Birr) 48,529.70 with marginal rate of return (MRR) of 1284.9% was obtained from 200 kg NPSB + 250 kg urea ha^-1. At Fogera district, the maximum NER of Birr 62,323.60 with MRR of 959.7% was obtained from 100 kg NPSB + 250 kg urea ha^-1. However, it is not possible to draw conclusions that the significant yield increment recorded was due to the contribution of S and B blends in the NPSB blended fertilizer. Because, there were confounding effects of N and P nutrients in the NPSB blended fertilizer. As it is revealed in the results, the significant yield response recorded, however, was due to the increasing levels of N. Therefore, we recommend further investigation of the response of NERICA-4 (upland rice) to each nutrient (P, S and B) through nutrient omission studies.

Published in	American Journal of Plant Biology (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11
Page(s)	23-34
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Yield Limiting, Blended Fertilizer, Upland Rice

References

[1]	Abebaw Dessie, 2018. Cereal crops research achievements and challenges in Ethiopia International Journal of Research & Review ( www.ijrrjournal.com ) Vol. 5; Issue: 9; September 2018.
[2]	Abiye Astatke, Tekalign Mamo, Peden, D. and M. Diedhiou, 2003. Participatory On-farm conservation tillage trial in Ethiopian highland vertisols: The impact of potassium application on crop yield. Experimental Agriculture 40: 369-379.
[3]	Asgelil Debebe, Taye Bekele, Yesuf Assen, 2007. The status of micro-nutrients in Nitisols, Vertisols, Cambisols and Fluvisols in major maize, wheat, teff and citrus growing areas of Ethiopia. In: Proceedings of Agricultural Research Fund Research Projects Completion Workshop held on 1-2 February 2007 at EIAR, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. pp 77-96.
[4]	Asnakew Woldeab, Tekalign Mamo, Mengesha Bekele and Tefera Ajamo, 1991. Soil fertility management studies on wheat in Ethiopia. pp. 137-172. In: Hailu Gebremariam, D. G. Tanner and Mengistu Hulluka (eds.). Wheat Research in Ethiopia: A historical perspective. Addis Ababa, IAR/CIMMYT.
[5]	CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), 1988. From Agronomic data to Farmers Recommendations: An economic training manual. Revised Edition. Mexico, D. F. 200p.
[6]	CSA (Central Statistical Agency), 2017. Report on Areaand Production of Major Crops (Private Peasant Holdings, Meher Season) The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency Agricultural Sample Survey Volume I, 2017/18 (2010 E. C.) April, 2018. ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia.
[7]	CSA (Central Statistical Agency), 2018. Report on Area and Production of Major Crops (Private Peasant Holdings, Meher Season) The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency Agricultural Sample Survey, Volume I, 2018/19. April, 2019. ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia.
[8]	CSA (Central Statistical Agency), 2019. Report on area and production of major crops (private peasant holdings, meher season). The federal democratic republic of Ethiopia central statistical agency agricultural sample survey 2018/19. Volume i. Statistical bulletin 589.
[9]	Dagne Chimdesa, 2016. Blended fertilizer effects on maize yield and yield components of Western Oromia, Ethiopia. Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. 5(5): 151-162.
[10]	Dercon, S. and R. V. Hill, 2009. Growth from agriculture in Ethiopia. Identifying key Constraints. Paper prepared as part of a study on agriculture and growth in Ethiopia. DFID, UK.
[11]	EthioSIS (Ethiopian Soil Information System), 2015. Fertilizer Recommendation Atlas of the Amhara Regional State. pp.
[12]	FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), 2006. Plant nutrition for food security: A guide for integrated nutrient management. FAO, Fertilizer and Plant Nutrition Bulletin 16, Rome, Italy.
[13]	Hazelton P. and B. Murphy, 2007. Interpreting soil test results: What do all the numbers mean? 2nd Edition. CSIRO Publishing. 152p.
[14]	John l. H. E. Mayorga, E. Tsamakis, M. E. McClain, A, Aufdenkampe, P. Quay, and J. E. Richey, 2000. Organic matter in Bolivian tributaries of the Amazon River: A comparison to the lower mainstream, Limnol. Oceanogr., 45(7) 1449-1466, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc., Washington NCS. 1992. Ethiopia nation.
[15]	Jones J. B., 2003. Agronomic Handbook: Management of Crops, Soils, and Their Fertility. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, Florida, USA. 482p.
[16]	Melkamu Hordofa, Gashaw Meteke, Wassie Haile, 2019. Effects of Different blended fertilizers on yield and yield components of food barley (Hordeum vulgar L.) on nitisols at Hulla District, Southern Ethiopia. Acad. Res. J. Agri. Sci. Res. 7(1): 49-56.
[17]	MoARD (Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Development), 2010. National Rice Research and Development Strategy of Ethiopia. The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural development, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 48 pp.
[18]	Mulugeta Eshetu, Shure Sebboka, Tilahun Chibsa, Chala Chimdesa, Negash Bedessa, 2017. Optimization of Fertilizer Recommendation for Bread Wheat at Sinana District of Bale Zone, Southeastern Oromia, Ethiopia. Int. J. Sci. Qualitative Analysis 3(6): 55-60.
[19]	Rut Duga, Diriba Shiferaw and Wogayehu W. 2019. Effects of blended Fertilizer Rates on Bread Wheat (triticumaestivum L.) Varieties on Growth and Yield Attributes. J. Ecol. And Nat. Resour. 3(3): 000170.
[20]	Tekalign Mamo and M. A. Mohamed-Saleem. 2001. Joint Vertisols Project as A Model for Agricultural Research and Development. Proceedings of the international symposium on Vertisols management. In: Advances in Vertisol Management in the Ethiopian Highlands. pp. 13-18, DebreZeit, Ethiopia.
[21]	Tekalign Tadese, 1991. Soil, plant, water, fertilizer, animal manure and compost analysis. Working Document No. 13. International Livestock Research Center for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[22]	Tewolde Berhe, Gebreyohannes Girmay and Abrha Kidanemariam, 2020. Validation of blended NPSB fertilizer rates on yield, yield components of Teff [Eragrostis tef (Zuccagni) Trotter] at vertisols of Hatsebo, Central Tigray, Ethiopia. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management. 11(2): 75-86.
[23]	Wassie Haile and Shiferaw Boke, 2011. Response of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum) to the Application of Potassium at Acidic Soils of Chencha, Southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Agricultural Biology 13: 595–598.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Bekele, D., Getu, A. (2024). Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region . American Journal of Plant Biology, 9(2), 23-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Bekele, D.; Getu, A. Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region . Am. J. Plant Biol. 2024, 9(2), 23-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Bekele D, Getu A. Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region . Am J Plant Biol. 2024;9(2):23-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11,
  author = {Demsew Bekele and Abebe Getu},
  title = {Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region
},
  journal = {American Journal of Plant Biology},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {23-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpb.20240902.11},
  abstract = {A field experiment was conducted for three years to evaluate and determine economic optimum rate of NPSB blended + urea fertilizers for upland rice production in Fogera and Libokemkem districts of Amhara Region. Blended NPSB fertilizer rates of 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1 were factorially combined with 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg urea ha-1. Zero fertilizer as control treatment and recommended NP as a reference treatment were included in the study. The treatments were laid in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results show that, in Libokemikem district, the maximum grain yield of 4.9 t ha-1 was obtained from 200 kg NPSB + 250 kg Urea ha-1, while the maximum dry biomass yield of 10.2 t ha-1 was recorded from 250 kg NPSB + 250 kg Urea ha-1. In Fogera district, the maximum grain and biomass yields of 6.1 and 15 t ha-1, respectively were obtained from 250 kg NPSB + 200 kg Urea ha-1. The partial budget analysis of the pooled data indicate that at Libokemikem district, the maximum net economic return (NER) of Ethiopian birr (Birr) 48,529.70 with marginal rate of return (MRR) of 1284.9% was obtained from 200 kg NPSB + 250 kg urea ha-1. At Fogera district, the maximum NER of Birr 62,323.60 with MRR of 959.7% was obtained from 100 kg NPSB + 250 kg urea ha-1. However, it is not possible to draw conclusions that the significant yield increment recorded was due to the contribution of S and B blends in the NPSB blended fertilizer. Because, there were confounding effects of N and P nutrients in the NPSB blended fertilizer. As it is revealed in the results, the significant yield response recorded, however, was due to the increasing levels of N. Therefore, we recommend further investigation of the response of NERICA-4 (upland rice) to each nutrient (P, S and B) through nutrient omission studies.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region

AU  - Demsew Bekele
AU  - Abebe Getu
Y1  - 2024/04/17
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11
T2  - American Journal of Plant Biology
JF  - American Journal of Plant Biology
JO  - American Journal of Plant Biology
SP  - 23
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8337
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11
AB  - A field experiment was conducted for three years to evaluate and determine economic optimum rate of NPSB blended + urea fertilizers for upland rice production in Fogera and Libokemkem districts of Amhara Region. Blended NPSB fertilizer rates of 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1 were factorially combined with 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg urea ha-1. Zero fertilizer as control treatment and recommended NP as a reference treatment were included in the study. The treatments were laid in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results show that, in Libokemikem district, the maximum grain yield of 4.9 t ha-1 was obtained from 200 kg NPSB + 250 kg Urea ha-1, while the maximum dry biomass yield of 10.2 t ha-1 was recorded from 250 kg NPSB + 250 kg Urea ha-1. In Fogera district, the maximum grain and biomass yields of 6.1 and 15 t ha-1, respectively were obtained from 250 kg NPSB + 200 kg Urea ha-1. The partial budget analysis of the pooled data indicate that at Libokemikem district, the maximum net economic return (NER) of Ethiopian birr (Birr) 48,529.70 with marginal rate of return (MRR) of 1284.9% was obtained from 200 kg NPSB + 250 kg urea ha-1. At Fogera district, the maximum NER of Birr 62,323.60 with MRR of 959.7% was obtained from 100 kg NPSB + 250 kg urea ha-1. However, it is not possible to draw conclusions that the significant yield increment recorded was due to the contribution of S and B blends in the NPSB blended fertilizer. Because, there were confounding effects of N and P nutrients in the NPSB blended fertilizer. As it is revealed in the results, the significant yield response recorded, however, was due to the increasing levels of N. Therefore, we recommend further investigation of the response of NERICA-4 (upland rice) to each nutrient (P, S and B) through nutrient omission studies.

VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Demsew Bekele

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Fogera National Rice Research and Training Center, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3767-1791
Abebe Getu

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Fogera National Rice Research and Training Center, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Bekele, D., Getu, A. (2024). Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region . American Journal of Plant Biology, 9(2), 23-34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Bekele, D.; Getu, A. Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region . Am. J. Plant Biol. 2024, 9(2), 23-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Bekele D, Getu A. Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region . Am J Plant Biol. 2024;9(2):23-34. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11,
  author = {Demsew Bekele and Abebe Getu},
  title = {Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region
},
  journal = {American Journal of Plant Biology},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {23-34},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpb.20240902.11},
  abstract = {A field experiment was conducted for three years to evaluate and determine economic optimum rate of NPSB blended + urea fertilizers for upland rice production in Fogera and Libokemkem districts of Amhara Region. Blended NPSB fertilizer rates of 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1 were factorially combined with 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg urea ha-1. Zero fertilizer as control treatment and recommended NP as a reference treatment were included in the study. The treatments were laid in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results show that, in Libokemikem district, the maximum grain yield of 4.9 t ha-1 was obtained from 200 kg NPSB + 250 kg Urea ha-1, while the maximum dry biomass yield of 10.2 t ha-1 was recorded from 250 kg NPSB + 250 kg Urea ha-1. In Fogera district, the maximum grain and biomass yields of 6.1 and 15 t ha-1, respectively were obtained from 250 kg NPSB + 200 kg Urea ha-1. The partial budget analysis of the pooled data indicate that at Libokemikem district, the maximum net economic return (NER) of Ethiopian birr (Birr) 48,529.70 with marginal rate of return (MRR) of 1284.9% was obtained from 200 kg NPSB + 250 kg urea ha-1. At Fogera district, the maximum NER of Birr 62,323.60 with MRR of 959.7% was obtained from 100 kg NPSB + 250 kg urea ha-1. However, it is not possible to draw conclusions that the significant yield increment recorded was due to the contribution of S and B blends in the NPSB blended fertilizer. Because, there were confounding effects of N and P nutrients in the NPSB blended fertilizer. As it is revealed in the results, the significant yield response recorded, however, was due to the increasing levels of N. Therefore, we recommend further investigation of the response of NERICA-4 (upland rice) to each nutrient (P, S and B) through nutrient omission studies.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Investigation of Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Blended NPSB Fertilizer in Fogera and Libo Kemkem Districts of Amhara Region

AU  - Demsew Bekele
AU  - Abebe Getu
Y1  - 2024/04/17
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11
T2  - American Journal of Plant Biology
JF  - American Journal of Plant Biology
JO  - American Journal of Plant Biology
SP  - 23
EP  - 34
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8337
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpb.20240902.11
AB  - A field experiment was conducted for three years to evaluate and determine economic optimum rate of NPSB blended + urea fertilizers for upland rice production in Fogera and Libokemkem districts of Amhara Region. Blended NPSB fertilizer rates of 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1 were factorially combined with 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg urea ha-1. Zero fertilizer as control treatment and recommended NP as a reference treatment were included in the study. The treatments were laid in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results show that, in Libokemikem district, the maximum grain yield of 4.9 t ha-1 was obtained from 200 kg NPSB + 250 kg Urea ha-1, while the maximum dry biomass yield of 10.2 t ha-1 was recorded from 250 kg NPSB + 250 kg Urea ha-1. In Fogera district, the maximum grain and biomass yields of 6.1 and 15 t ha-1, respectively were obtained from 250 kg NPSB + 200 kg Urea ha-1. The partial budget analysis of the pooled data indicate that at Libokemikem district, the maximum net economic return (NER) of Ethiopian birr (Birr) 48,529.70 with marginal rate of return (MRR) of 1284.9% was obtained from 200 kg NPSB + 250 kg urea ha-1. At Fogera district, the maximum NER of Birr 62,323.60 with MRR of 959.7% was obtained from 100 kg NPSB + 250 kg urea ha-1. However, it is not possible to draw conclusions that the significant yield increment recorded was due to the contribution of S and B blends in the NPSB blended fertilizer. Because, there were confounding effects of N and P nutrients in the NPSB blended fertilizer. As it is revealed in the results, the significant yield response recorded, however, was due to the increasing levels of N. Therefore, we recommend further investigation of the response of NERICA-4 (upland rice) to each nutrient (P, S and B) through nutrient omission studies.

VL  - 9
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download