Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region

Uma Ghosh; Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13

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Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region

Uma Ghosh, Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya

Published in American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (Volume 5, Issue 4)

Received: 26 August 2021 Accepted: 29 October 2021 Published: 23 November 2021

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Abstract

Spatial distribution of seismicity and seismic characteristics (fractal dimension, b-value, energy release, reoccurrence period) are assessed for the Himalayan Region (27° – 30°N and 85°– 97°E). The database consists of relocated earthquakes M ≥ 3.8 selected for the period 1964-2017 from the International Seismological Centre (ISC) catalogues (Engdahl, van der Hilst, and Buland (EHB) 2007). The Gutenberg - Richter frequency-magnitude relation (b-value) is calculated by the Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM) and by Least Square Method. The fractal dimension is estimated using the correlation integral method. The entire event set was also used for estimating radiated energy in the region. Four probabilistic models namely, Weibul, Gamma, Lognormal and Exponential have been used to estimate the probability of the occurrence of moderate earthquakes (M ≥ 5.5 and M ≥ 6.5) during a specified interval of time using the Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) for estimating the model parameters. The highly stressed zones in the entire region are indicated by low b-values, low fractal dimension and low radiated energy. The vulnerable zones (Arunachal Himalayas, Mishami thrust zone) have been identified by these maps which are further corroborated with the probabilistic models to assess the seismic hazards in the Himalaya region. These areas are indicative of future probable earthquakes regions.

Published in	American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering (Volume 5, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13
Page(s)	95-103
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Eastern Himalayas, b-value, Fractal Dimension, Radiated Energy, Return Periods

References

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Uma Ghosh, Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya. (2021). Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region. American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 5(4), 95-103. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13

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ACS Style

Uma Ghosh; Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya. Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region. Am. J. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2021, 5(4), 95-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13

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AMA Style

Uma Ghosh, Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya. Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region. Am J Environ Sci Eng. 2021;5(4):95-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13,
  author = {Uma Ghosh and Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya},
  title = {Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering},
  volume = {5},
  number = {4},
  pages = {95-103},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajese.20210504.13},
  abstract = {Spatial distribution of seismicity and seismic characteristics (fractal dimension, b-value, energy release, reoccurrence period) are assessed for the Himalayan Region (27° – 30°N and 85°– 97°E). The database consists of relocated earthquakes M ≥ 3.8 selected for the period 1964-2017 from the International Seismological Centre (ISC) catalogues (Engdahl, van der Hilst, and Buland (EHB) 2007). The Gutenberg - Richter frequency-magnitude relation (b-value) is calculated by the Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM) and by Least Square Method. The fractal dimension is estimated using the correlation integral method. The entire event set was also used for estimating radiated energy in the region. Four probabilistic models namely, Weibul, Gamma, Lognormal and Exponential have been used to estimate the probability of the occurrence of moderate earthquakes (M ≥ 5.5 and M ≥ 6.5) during a specified interval of time using the Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) for estimating the model parameters. The highly stressed zones in the entire region are indicated by low b-values, low fractal dimension and low radiated energy. The vulnerable zones (Arunachal Himalayas, Mishami thrust zone) have been identified by these maps which are further corroborated with the probabilistic models to assess the seismic hazards in the Himalaya region. These areas are indicative of future probable earthquakes regions.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region
AU  - Uma Ghosh
AU  - Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya
Y1  - 2021/11/23
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
SP  - 95
EP  - 103
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13
AB  - Spatial distribution of seismicity and seismic characteristics (fractal dimension, b-value, energy release, reoccurrence period) are assessed for the Himalayan Region (27° – 30°N and 85°– 97°E). The database consists of relocated earthquakes M ≥ 3.8 selected for the period 1964-2017 from the International Seismological Centre (ISC) catalogues (Engdahl, van der Hilst, and Buland (EHB) 2007). The Gutenberg - Richter frequency-magnitude relation (b-value) is calculated by the Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM) and by Least Square Method. The fractal dimension is estimated using the correlation integral method. The entire event set was also used for estimating radiated energy in the region. Four probabilistic models namely, Weibul, Gamma, Lognormal and Exponential have been used to estimate the probability of the occurrence of moderate earthquakes (M ≥ 5.5 and M ≥ 6.5) during a specified interval of time using the Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) for estimating the model parameters. The highly stressed zones in the entire region are indicated by low b-values, low fractal dimension and low radiated energy. The vulnerable zones (Arunachal Himalayas, Mishami thrust zone) have been identified by these maps which are further corroborated with the probabilistic models to assess the seismic hazards in the Himalaya region. These areas are indicative of future probable earthquakes regions.
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Uma Ghosh

Siddhinath Mahavidyalaya, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya

Geological Survey of India, Kolkata, India

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APA Style

Uma Ghosh, Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya. (2021). Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region. American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 5(4), 95-103. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13

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ACS Style

Uma Ghosh; Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya. Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region. Am. J. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2021, 5(4), 95-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13

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AMA Style

Uma Ghosh, Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya. Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region. Am J Environ Sci Eng. 2021;5(4):95-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13,
  author = {Uma Ghosh and Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya},
  title = {Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering},
  volume = {5},
  number = {4},
  pages = {95-103},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajese.20210504.13},
  abstract = {Spatial distribution of seismicity and seismic characteristics (fractal dimension, b-value, energy release, reoccurrence period) are assessed for the Himalayan Region (27° – 30°N and 85°– 97°E). The database consists of relocated earthquakes M ≥ 3.8 selected for the period 1964-2017 from the International Seismological Centre (ISC) catalogues (Engdahl, van der Hilst, and Buland (EHB) 2007). The Gutenberg - Richter frequency-magnitude relation (b-value) is calculated by the Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM) and by Least Square Method. The fractal dimension is estimated using the correlation integral method. The entire event set was also used for estimating radiated energy in the region. Four probabilistic models namely, Weibul, Gamma, Lognormal and Exponential have been used to estimate the probability of the occurrence of moderate earthquakes (M ≥ 5.5 and M ≥ 6.5) during a specified interval of time using the Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) for estimating the model parameters. The highly stressed zones in the entire region are indicated by low b-values, low fractal dimension and low radiated energy. The vulnerable zones (Arunachal Himalayas, Mishami thrust zone) have been identified by these maps which are further corroborated with the probabilistic models to assess the seismic hazards in the Himalaya region. These areas are indicative of future probable earthquakes regions.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seismic Hazards Assessment in the Eastern Himalayas Region
AU  - Uma Ghosh
AU  - Pankaj Mala Bhattacharya
Y1  - 2021/11/23
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
SP  - 95
EP  - 103
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-7993
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajese.20210504.13
AB  - Spatial distribution of seismicity and seismic characteristics (fractal dimension, b-value, energy release, reoccurrence period) are assessed for the Himalayan Region (27° – 30°N and 85°– 97°E). The database consists of relocated earthquakes M ≥ 3.8 selected for the period 1964-2017 from the International Seismological Centre (ISC) catalogues (Engdahl, van der Hilst, and Buland (EHB) 2007). The Gutenberg - Richter frequency-magnitude relation (b-value) is calculated by the Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM) and by Least Square Method. The fractal dimension is estimated using the correlation integral method. The entire event set was also used for estimating radiated energy in the region. Four probabilistic models namely, Weibul, Gamma, Lognormal and Exponential have been used to estimate the probability of the occurrence of moderate earthquakes (M ≥ 5.5 and M ≥ 6.5) during a specified interval of time using the Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) for estimating the model parameters. The highly stressed zones in the entire region are indicated by low b-values, low fractal dimension and low radiated energy. The vulnerable zones (Arunachal Himalayas, Mishami thrust zone) have been identified by these maps which are further corroborated with the probabilistic models to assess the seismic hazards in the Himalaya region. These areas are indicative of future probable earthquakes regions.
VL  - 5
IS  - 4
ER  -

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