Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients

Adel Abdulhadi Jawad; Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber; Khaled Hadi Mahdi; Sabah Ageeb Kassid; Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14

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Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients

Adel Abdulhadi Jawad, Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber, Khaled Hadi Mahdi, Sabah Ageeb Kassid, Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem

Published in American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 10, Issue 4)

Received: 5 July 2021 Accepted: 16 August 2021 Published: 24 August 2021

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Abstract

The shielding is considered the important ways which dependence on radiation protection as well as distance and time, the concrete is considered important used in shield against gamma ray. Concrete is a relatively low-cost material and it can be handle easily as it can be poured into various, complex shapes. The aim of this research is to verify the linear attenuation coefficient for mixing different types of cement, gravel and sand and choose the appropriate mixture to be used as a shield against gamma rays. In this research, three mixtures consisting of different types of cement available in the local market were used, as they were mixed with different amounts of sand and gravel of different sizes, and the shielding properties of these mixtures were studied against gamma rays using a gamma-ray spectroscopy consisting of NaI (Tl) detector and two sources, ⁶⁰Co and ¹³⁷Cs. The results shown in all the samples of the three groups are that the linear attenuation coefficients decrease with increasing the energy. The samples of concrete that contain the type KRISTAL cement have been the highest attenuation than other types of cement where results for attenuation were (0.30610), (0.22059) and (0.15253) for the energies (662, 1137 and 1332) KeV respectively. Either the samples which used different size of gravel, that the size of gravel (13 mm) have been heist attenuation that can be concluded the size (13 mm) of gravel is the best mixture of concrete to attenuation gamma ray in this research.

Published in	American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 10, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14
Page(s)	100-103
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Concrete, Gamma Ray Spectrometry, Linear Attenuation Coefficients, Shielding, Sodium Iodide Detector NaI (Tl)

References

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[2]	Tekin, H. O et al. (2017). Validation of MCNPX with experimental results of mass attenuation coefficients for cement, gypsum and mixture.
[3]	M. F. Kalan, Concrete Radiation Shielding, Longman scientific &technical, 1989.
[4]	Kharita, M. H., Takeyeddin, M., Alnassar, M., & Yousef, S. (2008). Development of special radiation shielding concretes using natural local materials and evaluation of their shielding characteristics. Progress in Nuclear energy, 50 (1), 33-36.‏
[5]	Akkurt, I., Basyigit, C., Kilincarslan, S., Mavi, B., & Akkurt, A. (2006). Radiation shielding of concretes containing different aggregates. Cement and Concrete Composites, 28 3 (2), 153-157.
[6]	Fugaru, V., et al. "Gamma ray shielding properties of some concrete materials." Acta Physica Polonica A 127.4 (2015): 1427-1429.‏
[7]	F. Demir, G. Budak, R. Sahin, A. Karabulut, M. Oltulu, and A. Und (2011) “Determination of radiation attenuation coefficients of heavy weight and normal-weight concretes containing colemanite and barite for 0.663 MeV γ-rays” Annals of Nuclear Energy, vol. 38, pp. 1274–1278.
[8]	Reda, S. M. "Gamma ray shielding by a new combination of aluminum, iron, copper and lead using MCNP5." Arab. J. Nucl. Sci. Appl 94. 4 (2016): 211-217.‏
[9]	Jawad, A. A., et al. "Radiation shielding properties of some ceramic wasted samples." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (2019): 1-4.‏
[10]	I. Akkurt, C. Basyigit, S. Kilincarslan, B. Mavi (2004) The Shielding Of γ-Rays by Concretes Produced with Barite.
[11]	S. Özavci and B. Çetin (2016) Determination of Radiation Attenuation Coefficients in Concretes Containing Different Wastes. Acta Physica Polonica A, No. 1 Vol. 130.
[12]	Kılınçarslan, Ş. (2015, August). Investigation of heavy concretes produced with heavy artificial aggregates. In Special issue of the international conference on computational and experimental science and engineering (ICCESEN 2014) (Vol. 128, No. 2-B).‏
[13]	Obaid, S. S., Gaikwad, D. K., & Pawar, P. P. (2018). Determination of gamma ray shielding parameters of rocks and concrete. Radiation physics and chemistry, 144, 356-360.‏
[14]	Khalaf, M. A., Ban, C. C., & Ramli, M. (2019). The constituents, properties and application of heavyweight concrete: A review. Construction and building materials, 215, 73-89.‏

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APA Style

Adel Abdulhadi Jawad, Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber, Khaled Hadi Mahdi, Sabah Ageeb Kassid, Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem. (2021). Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 10(4), 100-103. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14

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ACS Style

Adel Abdulhadi Jawad; Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber; Khaled Hadi Mahdi; Sabah Ageeb Kassid; Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem. Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2021, 10(4), 100-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14

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AMA Style

Adel Abdulhadi Jawad, Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber, Khaled Hadi Mahdi, Sabah Ageeb Kassid, Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem. Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients. Am J Environ Prot. 2021;10(4):100-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14,
  author = {Adel Abdulhadi Jawad and Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber and Khaled Hadi Mahdi and Sabah Ageeb Kassid and Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem},
  title = {Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {100-103},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20211004.14},
  abstract = {The shielding is considered the important ways which dependence on radiation protection as well as distance and time, the concrete is considered important used in shield against gamma ray. Concrete is a relatively low-cost material and it can be handle easily as it can be poured into various, complex shapes. The aim of this research is to verify the linear attenuation coefficient for mixing different types of cement, gravel and sand and choose the appropriate mixture to be used as a shield against gamma rays. In this research, three mixtures consisting of different types of cement available in the local market were used, as they were mixed with different amounts of sand and gravel of different sizes, and the shielding properties of these mixtures were studied against gamma rays using a gamma-ray spectroscopy consisting of NaI (Tl) detector and two sources, 60Co and 137Cs. The results shown in all the samples of the three groups are that the linear attenuation coefficients decrease with increasing the energy. The samples of concrete that contain the type KRISTAL cement have been the highest attenuation than other types of cement where results for attenuation were (0.30610), (0.22059) and (0.15253) for the energies (662, 1137 and 1332) KeV respectively. Either the samples which used different size of gravel, that the size of gravel (13 mm) have been heist attenuation that can be concluded the size (13 mm) of gravel is the best mixture of concrete to attenuation gamma ray in this research.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients
AU  - Adel Abdulhadi Jawad
AU  - Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber
AU  - Khaled Hadi Mahdi
AU  - Sabah Ageeb Kassid
AU  - Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem
Y1  - 2021/08/24
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
SP  - 100
EP  - 103
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5699
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14
AB  - The shielding is considered the important ways which dependence on radiation protection as well as distance and time, the concrete is considered important used in shield against gamma ray. Concrete is a relatively low-cost material and it can be handle easily as it can be poured into various, complex shapes. The aim of this research is to verify the linear attenuation coefficient for mixing different types of cement, gravel and sand and choose the appropriate mixture to be used as a shield against gamma rays. In this research, three mixtures consisting of different types of cement available in the local market were used, as they were mixed with different amounts of sand and gravel of different sizes, and the shielding properties of these mixtures were studied against gamma rays using a gamma-ray spectroscopy consisting of NaI (Tl) detector and two sources, 60Co and 137Cs. The results shown in all the samples of the three groups are that the linear attenuation coefficients decrease with increasing the energy. The samples of concrete that contain the type KRISTAL cement have been the highest attenuation than other types of cement where results for attenuation were (0.30610), (0.22059) and (0.15253) for the energies (662, 1137 and 1332) KeV respectively. Either the samples which used different size of gravel, that the size of gravel (13 mm) have been heist attenuation that can be concluded the size (13 mm) of gravel is the best mixture of concrete to attenuation gamma ray in this research.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Adel Abdulhadi Jawad

Ministry of Science and Technology, Central Laboratory Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber

Department of Physics, College of Education Ibn Al-Haithem, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Khaled Hadi Mahdi

Department of Physics, College of Education Ibn Al-Haithem, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Sabah Ageeb Kassid

Ministry of Science and Technology, Central Laboratory Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem

Ministry of Science and Technology, Central Laboratory Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq

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APA Style

Adel Abdulhadi Jawad, Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber, Khaled Hadi Mahdi, Sabah Ageeb Kassid, Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem. (2021). Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 10(4), 100-103. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14

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ACS Style

Adel Abdulhadi Jawad; Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber; Khaled Hadi Mahdi; Sabah Ageeb Kassid; Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem. Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2021, 10(4), 100-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14

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AMA Style

Adel Abdulhadi Jawad, Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber, Khaled Hadi Mahdi, Sabah Ageeb Kassid, Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem. Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients. Am J Environ Prot. 2021;10(4):100-103. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14,
  author = {Adel Abdulhadi Jawad and Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber and Khaled Hadi Mahdi and Sabah Ageeb Kassid and Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem},
  title = {Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
  volume = {10},
  number = {4},
  pages = {100-103},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20211004.14},
  abstract = {The shielding is considered the important ways which dependence on radiation protection as well as distance and time, the concrete is considered important used in shield against gamma ray. Concrete is a relatively low-cost material and it can be handle easily as it can be poured into various, complex shapes. The aim of this research is to verify the linear attenuation coefficient for mixing different types of cement, gravel and sand and choose the appropriate mixture to be used as a shield against gamma rays. In this research, three mixtures consisting of different types of cement available in the local market were used, as they were mixed with different amounts of sand and gravel of different sizes, and the shielding properties of these mixtures were studied against gamma rays using a gamma-ray spectroscopy consisting of NaI (Tl) detector and two sources, 60Co and 137Cs. The results shown in all the samples of the three groups are that the linear attenuation coefficients decrease with increasing the energy. The samples of concrete that contain the type KRISTAL cement have been the highest attenuation than other types of cement where results for attenuation were (0.30610), (0.22059) and (0.15253) for the energies (662, 1137 and 1332) KeV respectively. Either the samples which used different size of gravel, that the size of gravel (13 mm) have been heist attenuation that can be concluded the size (13 mm) of gravel is the best mixture of concrete to attenuation gamma ray in this research.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prepare Concrete Shielding from Local Materials and Study Linear Attenuation Coefficients
AU  - Adel Abdulhadi Jawad
AU  - Ahmed Fadel Mkhaiber
AU  - Khaled Hadi Mahdi
AU  - Sabah Ageeb Kassid
AU  - Zaidoon Hafed Ibrahem
Y1  - 2021/08/24
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
SP  - 100
EP  - 103
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5699
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20211004.14
AB  - The shielding is considered the important ways which dependence on radiation protection as well as distance and time, the concrete is considered important used in shield against gamma ray. Concrete is a relatively low-cost material and it can be handle easily as it can be poured into various, complex shapes. The aim of this research is to verify the linear attenuation coefficient for mixing different types of cement, gravel and sand and choose the appropriate mixture to be used as a shield against gamma rays. In this research, three mixtures consisting of different types of cement available in the local market were used, as they were mixed with different amounts of sand and gravel of different sizes, and the shielding properties of these mixtures were studied against gamma rays using a gamma-ray spectroscopy consisting of NaI (Tl) detector and two sources, 60Co and 137Cs. The results shown in all the samples of the three groups are that the linear attenuation coefficients decrease with increasing the energy. The samples of concrete that contain the type KRISTAL cement have been the highest attenuation than other types of cement where results for attenuation were (0.30610), (0.22059) and (0.15253) for the energies (662, 1137 and 1332) KeV respectively. Either the samples which used different size of gravel, that the size of gravel (13 mm) have been heist attenuation that can be concluded the size (13 mm) of gravel is the best mixture of concrete to attenuation gamma ray in this research.
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
ER  -

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