Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway

Qin Ge

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11

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Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway

Qin Ge

Published in American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 11, Issue 4)

Received: 2 September 2023 Accepted: 18 September 2023 Published: 28 October 2023

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Abstract

Objective: We studied the effect of 3–3'diindole methane (DIM) on acute radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) in mice and the possible underlying mechanism. Methods: A total of 45 mice were divided into five groups using the random number table method, namely, blank group, drug group alone (75 mg/kg DIM by peritoneal perfusion), simple irradiation group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy), irradiation + drug group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy + intraperitoneal perfusion of 75 mg/kg DIM 30 min before irradiation), and irradiation + prednisone group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy + intraperitoneal perfusion of 5 mg/kg prednisone 30 min before irradiationas a positive control group). The whole lung was irradiated with a single dose of 16 Gy X-ray. Mice were killed by cervical dislocation at 24 h, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after irradiation, following which the lung tissue samples were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. In addition, the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway-related proteins was studied. Results: Under the same irradiation dose, the degree of lung injury in model mice after the intervention of DIM drugs was significantly lower than that in mice in the simple irradiation group. DIM significantly reduced the expression of TGF-β/VEGF-1 (P< 0.05). Conclusion: 3-3'diindolyl methane (DIM) can be downregulated by TGF-β1 signaling pathway, thereby reducing the expression of VEGF in lung tissue, inhibiting radiation-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory factor release in mouse lung tissue, and reducing the degree of RILI. These prospective experimental research results provide necessary experimental and theoretical basis for the application of 3-3'diindolemethane and its derivatives as new radiation protective drugs in clinical tumor radiotherapy.

Published in	American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 11, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11
Page(s)	66-72
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM), TGF-β1/VEGF Pathway, Mice, Radiotherapy, Radiation-Induced Lung Injury

References

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APA Style

Qin Ge. (2023). Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 11(4), 66-72. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11

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ACS Style

Qin Ge. Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2023, 11(4), 66-72. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11

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AMA Style

Qin Ge. Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2023;11(4):66-72. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11,
  author = {Qin Ge},
  title = {Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway},
  journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {66-72},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20231104.11},
  abstract = {Objective: We studied the effect of 3–3'diindole methane (DIM) on acute radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) in mice and the possible underlying mechanism. Methods: A total of 45 mice were divided into five groups using the random number table method, namely, blank group, drug group alone (75 mg/kg DIM by peritoneal perfusion), simple irradiation group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy), irradiation + drug group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy + intraperitoneal perfusion of 75 mg/kg DIM 30 min before irradiation), and irradiation + prednisone group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy + intraperitoneal perfusion of 5 mg/kg prednisone 30 min before irradiationas a positive control group). The whole lung was irradiated with a single dose of 16 Gy X-ray. Mice were killed by cervical dislocation at 24 h, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after irradiation, following which the lung tissue samples were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. In addition, the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway-related proteins was studied. Results: Under the same irradiation dose, the degree of lung injury in model mice after the intervention of DIM drugs was significantly lower than that in mice in the simple irradiation group. DIM significantly reduced the expression of TGF-β/VEGF-1 (PConclusion: 3-3'diindolyl methane (DIM) can be downregulated by TGF-β1 signaling pathway, thereby reducing the expression of VEGF in lung tissue, inhibiting radiation-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory factor release in mouse lung tissue, and reducing the degree of RILI. These prospective experimental research results provide necessary experimental and theoretical basis for the application of 3-3'diindolemethane and its derivatives as new radiation protective drugs in clinical tumor radiotherapy.
},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway
AU  - Qin Ge
Y1  - 2023/10/28
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11
T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
SP  - 66
EP  - 72
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8133
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11
AB  - Objective: We studied the effect of 3–3'diindole methane (DIM) on acute radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) in mice and the possible underlying mechanism. Methods: A total of 45 mice were divided into five groups using the random number table method, namely, blank group, drug group alone (75 mg/kg DIM by peritoneal perfusion), simple irradiation group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy), irradiation + drug group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy + intraperitoneal perfusion of 75 mg/kg DIM 30 min before irradiation), and irradiation + prednisone group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy + intraperitoneal perfusion of 5 mg/kg prednisone 30 min before irradiationas a positive control group). The whole lung was irradiated with a single dose of 16 Gy X-ray. Mice were killed by cervical dislocation at 24 h, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after irradiation, following which the lung tissue samples were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. In addition, the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway-related proteins was studied. Results: Under the same irradiation dose, the degree of lung injury in model mice after the intervention of DIM drugs was significantly lower than that in mice in the simple irradiation group. DIM significantly reduced the expression of TGF-β/VEGF-1 (PConclusion: 3-3'diindolyl methane (DIM) can be downregulated by TGF-β1 signaling pathway, thereby reducing the expression of VEGF in lung tissue, inhibiting radiation-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory factor release in mouse lung tissue, and reducing the degree of RILI. These prospective experimental research results provide necessary experimental and theoretical basis for the application of 3-3'diindolemethane and its derivatives as new radiation protective drugs in clinical tumor radiotherapy.

VL  - 11
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Qin Ge

Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China

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Qin Ge. (2023). Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 11(4), 66-72. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11

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ACS Style

Qin Ge. Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2023, 11(4), 66-72. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11

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AMA Style

Qin Ge. Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2023;11(4):66-72. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11,
  author = {Qin Ge},
  title = {Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway},
  journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {66-72},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20231104.11},
  abstract = {Objective: We studied the effect of 3–3'diindole methane (DIM) on acute radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) in mice and the possible underlying mechanism. Methods: A total of 45 mice were divided into five groups using the random number table method, namely, blank group, drug group alone (75 mg/kg DIM by peritoneal perfusion), simple irradiation group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy), irradiation + drug group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy + intraperitoneal perfusion of 75 mg/kg DIM 30 min before irradiation), and irradiation + prednisone group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy + intraperitoneal perfusion of 5 mg/kg prednisone 30 min before irradiationas a positive control group). The whole lung was irradiated with a single dose of 16 Gy X-ray. Mice were killed by cervical dislocation at 24 h, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after irradiation, following which the lung tissue samples were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. In addition, the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway-related proteins was studied. Results: Under the same irradiation dose, the degree of lung injury in model mice after the intervention of DIM drugs was significantly lower than that in mice in the simple irradiation group. DIM significantly reduced the expression of TGF-β/VEGF-1 (PConclusion: 3-3'diindolyl methane (DIM) can be downregulated by TGF-β1 signaling pathway, thereby reducing the expression of VEGF in lung tissue, inhibiting radiation-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory factor release in mouse lung tissue, and reducing the degree of RILI. These prospective experimental research results provide necessary experimental and theoretical basis for the application of 3-3'diindolemethane and its derivatives as new radiation protective drugs in clinical tumor radiotherapy.
},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of 3–3'diindolylmethane (DIM) on Acute Radiation Lung Injury in Mice Via the TGF-β1 Pathway
AU  - Qin Ge
Y1  - 2023/10/28
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11
T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
SP  - 66
EP  - 72
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8133
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20231104.11
AB  - Objective: We studied the effect of 3–3'diindole methane (DIM) on acute radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) in mice and the possible underlying mechanism. Methods: A total of 45 mice were divided into five groups using the random number table method, namely, blank group, drug group alone (75 mg/kg DIM by peritoneal perfusion), simple irradiation group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy), irradiation + drug group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy + intraperitoneal perfusion of 75 mg/kg DIM 30 min before irradiation), and irradiation + prednisone group (one-time irradiation of 16 Gy + intraperitoneal perfusion of 5 mg/kg prednisone 30 min before irradiationas a positive control group). The whole lung was irradiated with a single dose of 16 Gy X-ray. Mice were killed by cervical dislocation at 24 h, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after irradiation, following which the lung tissue samples were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. In addition, the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway-related proteins was studied. Results: Under the same irradiation dose, the degree of lung injury in model mice after the intervention of DIM drugs was significantly lower than that in mice in the simple irradiation group. DIM significantly reduced the expression of TGF-β/VEGF-1 (PConclusion: 3-3'diindolyl methane (DIM) can be downregulated by TGF-β1 signaling pathway, thereby reducing the expression of VEGF in lung tissue, inhibiting radiation-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory factor release in mouse lung tissue, and reducing the degree of RILI. These prospective experimental research results provide necessary experimental and theoretical basis for the application of 3-3'diindolemethane and its derivatives as new radiation protective drugs in clinical tumor radiotherapy.

VL  - 11
IS  - 4
ER  -

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