Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are neurological diseases that affect a considerable population around the world. In this research two articles that implement trials on mice regarding these diseases were analyzed and compared to determine which advancement is most significant to human process. The articles were: Boosting a gut bacterium helps mice fight an ALS-like disease, and a protein helps disease-causing immune cells invade patients’ brains. Gene expression in healthy mice and human brains can provide data to explore the capability of modeling neurological diseases in these rodents. Therefore, if different neurological pathologies found in mice can be modeled into the human brain, both research papers equally contribute to the scientific knowledge. The approach used was a direct compare and contrast method of both papers. In addition, a meta-analysis implementing different criteria to identify trends in different data. After the investigation was carried, it was found that 31% of genes were similar between human and mice brains. This provides a pronounced framework for human diseases to be modeled onto mice; this could open the possibility to discover new treatments and further understand the diseases’ etiologies. Although there is still margin for error. Considering there is a lot still unknown about ALS when compared to MS, it was concluded that both research papers contribute to the scientific community, but not equally. The ALS article provides a new framework for finally understanding and treating this disease. Some factors that influenced the findings were the difficult access to information and the timeframe implemented.
| Published in | American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 10, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajcem.20221006.12 |
| Page(s) | 129-132 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Disease Modeling, Clinical Trials, Mice, Neurodegenerative Diseases, ALS, Immune Disease, MS
| [1] | Brown, R., Lockwood, A. and Sonawane, B., 2005. Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Overview of Environmental Risk Factors. [online] NCBI. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1280411/ [Accessed 24 November 2021]. |
| [2] | Mayo Clinic. 2021. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) - Symptoms and causes. [online] Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354022 [Accessed 24 November 2021]. |
| [3] | National Multiple Sclerosis Society. 2021. What Is MS? [online] Available at: https://www.nationalmssociety.org/What-is-MS [Accessed 24 November 2021]. |
| [4] | Hickman-Davis, J. and Davis, I., 2005. Transgenic Mice. [online] Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16473817/ [Accessed 10 February 2022]. |
| [5] | Hesman, T., 2019. Boosting a gut bacterium helps mice fight an ALS-like disease. [online] Science News. Available at: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/boosting-gut-bacterium-helps-mice-fight-als-disease [Accessed 10 November 2021]. |
| [6] | Bates, S., 2019. A protein helps disease-causing immune cells invade MS patients’ brains. [online] Science News. Available at: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/protein-helps-disease-causing-immune-cells-invade-ms-patient-brains [Accessed 10 November 2021]. |
| [7] | Hersch, S. and Ferrante, R., 2004. Translating therapies for Huntington’s disease from genetic animal models to clinical trials. [online] Springer Link. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1602/neurorx.1.3.298 [Accessed 28 November 2021]. |
| [8] | Blacher, E., Bashiardes, S., Shapiro, H. et al., 2019. Potential roles of gut microbiome and metabolites in modulating ALS in mice. [online] Nature. Available at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1443-5#citeas [Accessed 28 November 2021]. |
| [9] | Giancarlo Comi, MD, Amit Bar-Or, MD, Hans Lassmann et al., 2020. Role of B Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. [online] Onlinelibrary.wiley.com. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ana.25927 [Accessed 24 November 2021]. |
| [10] | D Strand, A., K Aragaki, A., C Baquet, Z., et al. 2007. Conservation of Regional Gene Expression in Mouse and Human Brain. [online] Plos Genetics. Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.0030059 [Accessed 26 November 2021]. |
| [11] | Tom, A., 2017. Of Mice and Men: Comparative Analysis of Neuro-Inflammatory Mechanisms in Human and Mouse Using Cause-and-Effect Models. [online] IOS Press. Available at: https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-alzheimers-disease/jad170255 [Accessed 25 November 2021]. |
| [12] | Daltrey, D., 2021. What are neural pathways? - Great Minds Clinic Blog. [online] Great Minds Clinic Blog. Available at: https://www.greatmindsclinic.co.uk/blog/what-are-neural-pathways/ [Accessed 26 November 2021]. |
| [13] | Higgins, L. and Cordell, B., 1995. Genetically engineered animal models of human neurodegenerative diseases. [online] Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7583675/ [Accessed 8 February 2022]. |
| [14] | The ALS Association. n.d. Lou Gehrig and the History of ALS. [online] Available at: https://www.als.org/understanding-als/lou-gehrig [Accessed 8 February 2022]. |
| [15] | Roth, E., n.d. The History of Multiple Sclerosis: How Far Have We Come? [online] Healthline. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/health/multiple-sclerosis/history [Accessed 9 February 2016]. |
APA Style
Emilio Guzmán Rojas. (2023). Different Neurological Pathologies Found in Humans Can Be Modelled into Mice Brains. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 10(6), 129-132. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20221006.12
ACS Style
Emilio Guzmán Rojas. Different Neurological Pathologies Found in Humans Can Be Modelled into Mice Brains. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2023, 10(6), 129-132. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20221006.12
AMA Style
Emilio Guzmán Rojas. Different Neurological Pathologies Found in Humans Can Be Modelled into Mice Brains. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2023;10(6):129-132. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20221006.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20221006.12,
author = {Emilio Guzmán Rojas},
title = {Different Neurological Pathologies Found in Humans Can Be Modelled into Mice Brains},
journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
volume = {10},
number = {6},
pages = {129-132},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20221006.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20221006.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20221006.12},
abstract = {Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are neurological diseases that affect a considerable population around the world. In this research two articles that implement trials on mice regarding these diseases were analyzed and compared to determine which advancement is most significant to human process. The articles were: Boosting a gut bacterium helps mice fight an ALS-like disease, and a protein helps disease-causing immune cells invade patients’ brains. Gene expression in healthy mice and human brains can provide data to explore the capability of modeling neurological diseases in these rodents. Therefore, if different neurological pathologies found in mice can be modeled into the human brain, both research papers equally contribute to the scientific knowledge. The approach used was a direct compare and contrast method of both papers. In addition, a meta-analysis implementing different criteria to identify trends in different data. After the investigation was carried, it was found that 31% of genes were similar between human and mice brains. This provides a pronounced framework for human diseases to be modeled onto mice; this could open the possibility to discover new treatments and further understand the diseases’ etiologies. Although there is still margin for error. Considering there is a lot still unknown about ALS when compared to MS, it was concluded that both research papers contribute to the scientific community, but not equally. The ALS article provides a new framework for finally understanding and treating this disease. Some factors that influenced the findings were the difficult access to information and the timeframe implemented.},
year = {2023}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Different Neurological Pathologies Found in Humans Can Be Modelled into Mice Brains AU - Emilio Guzmán Rojas Y1 - 2023/01/09 PY - 2023 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20221006.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ajcem.20221006.12 T2 - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine JF - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine JO - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine SP - 129 EP - 132 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-8133 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20221006.12 AB - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are neurological diseases that affect a considerable population around the world. In this research two articles that implement trials on mice regarding these diseases were analyzed and compared to determine which advancement is most significant to human process. The articles were: Boosting a gut bacterium helps mice fight an ALS-like disease, and a protein helps disease-causing immune cells invade patients’ brains. Gene expression in healthy mice and human brains can provide data to explore the capability of modeling neurological diseases in these rodents. Therefore, if different neurological pathologies found in mice can be modeled into the human brain, both research papers equally contribute to the scientific knowledge. The approach used was a direct compare and contrast method of both papers. In addition, a meta-analysis implementing different criteria to identify trends in different data. After the investigation was carried, it was found that 31% of genes were similar between human and mice brains. This provides a pronounced framework for human diseases to be modeled onto mice; this could open the possibility to discover new treatments and further understand the diseases’ etiologies. Although there is still margin for error. Considering there is a lot still unknown about ALS when compared to MS, it was concluded that both research papers contribute to the scientific community, but not equally. The ALS article provides a new framework for finally understanding and treating this disease. Some factors that influenced the findings were the difficult access to information and the timeframe implemented. VL - 10 IS - 6 ER -
Information
Email: