Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads

Shek Rajib; Lei Chen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11

Research Article |

| Peer-Reviewed

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads

Shek Rajib^*

, Lei Chen

Published in American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 12, Issue 6)

Received: 21 October 2024 Accepted: 9 November 2024 Published: 21 November 2024

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

This paper investigates the buckling behavior of Q690 high-strength steel tubes under combined axial compression and bending loads through experimental testing and finite element analysis (FEA). A total of 27 full-scale specimens with varying slenderness ratios (λ) and diameter-to-thickness (D/t) ratios were tested to evaluate their load-bearing capacity, deformation characteristics, and failure modes. The experimental setup replicated real-world conditions, with constant axial loads applied alongside incremental bending moments until failure occurred. FEA models, developed using ABAQUS, incorporated geometric imperfections and material nonlinearities to simulate realistic structural behavior and predict critical buckling moments. The comparison between experimental and numerical results showed strong agreement, with deviations ranging from 5.6% to 7.9%, confirming the reliability of the simulations. The findings indicate that tubes with higher D/t ratios are more sensitive to imperfections, experiencing significant reductions in post-buckling moment capacity, while those with lower D/t ratios demonstrated greater resistance to buckling and maintained higher structural integrity. The transition between global and local buckling modes was effectively captured by both experimental and numerical approaches, validating the robustness of the models. This study emphasizes the importance of accounting for geometric imperfections and residual stresses in design practices to ensure the safety and reliability of high-strength steel structures under combined loading conditions. Additionally, the results underscore the effectiveness of advanced FEA tools in predicting structural behavior, providing valuable insights for improving design codes and practices. Future research is recommended to explore dynamic loading scenarios, such as wind or seismic effects, to further enhance the applicability of Q690 steel tubes in critical infrastructure projects.

Published in	American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 12, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11
Page(s)	178-187
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Q690 Steel, Buckling Behavior, Axial Compression, Bending Loads, FEA, Geometric Imperfections, Slenderness Ratio, D/t Ratio

References

[1]	C. R. Calladine, Theory of Shell Structures, Cambridge University Press, 1983. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511624278.
[2]	X. Li, J. Zheng, J. Shi, Y. Li, and P. Xu, Experimental Investigation on Buckling of Plastic Pipe Reinforced by Winding Steel Wires Under External Pressure, Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 827-843, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705710368349
[3]	N. Yamaki, Elastic Stability of Circular Cylindrical Shells, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, 1984 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3169089
[4]	J. M. Rotter and J. G. Teng, Elastic Stability of Cylindrical Shells with Weld Depressions, Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 115, no. 5, pp. 1244-1263, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1989)115:5(1244)
[5]	W. T. Koiter, The Effect of Axisymmetric Imperfections on the Buckling of Cylindrical Shells Under Axial Compression, Proceedings of Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, pp. 265-279, 1963. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.6123
[6]	J. W. Hutchinson and W. T. Koiter, Postbuckling Theory, Applied Mechanics Reviews, vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 1353-1366, 1970. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(87)90090-4
[7]	G. A. Cohen, Computer Analysis of Imperfection Sensitivity of Ring-Stiffened Orthotropic Shells of Revolution, AIAA Journal, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1032-1039, 1971. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.49915
[8]	J. Arbocz and E. Sechler, On the Buckling of Axially Compressed Imperfect Cylindrical Shells, Journal of Applied Mechanics, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 737-743, 1974. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3423381
[9]	Singer, J. (1982). The Status of Experimental Buckling Investigations of Shells. In: Ramm, E. (eds) Buckling of Shells. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49334-8_18
[10]	K. Franky, L. Chen, D. Mengxing, and N. I. C. Joyce, Elastic-Plastic Buckling Analysis of Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Global Bending, American Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 49-54, 2022. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20221002.13
[11]	O. K. Fajuyitan and A. J. Sadowski, A Study of Imperfect Cylindrical Steel Tubes Under Global Bending and Varying Support Conditions, Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Advances in Steel Structures, Lisbon, Portugal, 2015.
[12]	K. K. Yadava and S. Gerasimidis, Instability of Thin Steel Cylindrical Shells Under Bending, Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 137, pp. 151-166, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.12.043
[13]	J. Wang and A. J. Sadowski, Elastic Imperfect Cylindrical Shells of Varying Length Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending, Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 146, no. 4, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002560
[14]	L. Chen, K. Franky, H. Zhang, and X. Xiong, Nonlinear Stability Analysis of High-Strength Steel Cylindrical Shells Under Global Bending, Structures, vol. 55, pp. 1320-1329, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2023.06.081
[15]	C. L. Doerich and J. Michael, A Study of Cylindrical Shells Under Global Bending in the Elastic-Plastic Range, Steel Construction, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 59-65, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1002/stco.200890008
[16]	L. E. Lindgren, Finite Element Modelling and Simulation of Welding, Part 1: Increased Complexity, Journal of Thermal Stresses, vol. 24, pp. 141-192, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495730150500442
[17]	L. E. Lindgren, Finite Element Modelling and Simulation of Welding, Part 2: Improved Material Modeling, Journal of Thermal Stresses, vol. 24, pp. 195-231, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1080/014957301300006380
[18]	L. E. Lindgren, Finite Element Modelling and Simulation of Welding, Part 3: Efficiency and Integration, Journal of Thermal Stresses, vol. 24, pp. 305-334, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495730151078117
[19]	L. E. Lindgren, Numerical Modelling of Welding, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, vol. 195, pp. 6710-6736, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2005.08.018
[20]	F. Nishino, Y. Ueda, and L. Tall, Experimental Investigation of the Buckling of Plates with Residual Stresses, in Test Methods for Compression Members, ASTM, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 1967. https://doi.org/10.1520/STP43785S
[21]	D. Beg and L. Hladnik, Slenderness Limit of Class 3 I Cross-Sections Made of High-Strength Steel," Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 201-207, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-974X(96)00025-9
[22]	K. J. Rasmussen and G. J. Hancock, Plate Slenderness Limits for High-Strength Steel Sections, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 73-96, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-974X(92)90037-F
[23]	K. J. Rasmussen and G. J. Hancock, Tests of High-Strength Steel Columns, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 27-52, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-974X(95)97296-A
[24]	G. Shi, X. Jiang, W. Zhou, et al., Experimental Investigation and Modelling on Residual Stress of Welded Steel Circular Tubes, International Journal of Steel Structures, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 495-508, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-013-3009-y
[25]	C. Yang, J. Yang, M. Su, et al., Residual Stress in High-Strength Steel Welded Circular Tube, Structures and Buildings, vol. 1-10, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.16.00001
[26]	S. Gang, J. Xue, W. Zhang, et al., Experimental Study on Column Buckling of 420 MPa High-Strength Steel Welded Circular Tubes, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 100, pp. 71-81, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.04.028
[27]	G. Ballio and F. M. Mazzolani, Theory and Design of Steel Structures, Chapman and Hall, London, UK, 1983. Available from https://archive.org/details/theorydesignofst0000ball [accessed 8^th Nov 2024]
[28]	Y. Wei, G. Yonghua, S. Qing, and Z. Bin, Study on Local Stability of Q690 High-Strength Steel Tube Under Axial Compression, China Civil Engineering Journal, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 1-12, 2013.
[29]	E. Riks, An Incremental Approach to the Solution of Snapping and Buckling Problems, International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 529-551, 1979. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(79)90081-7
[30]	M. Esslinger, B. Geier, Calculated Post-Buckling Loads as the Lower Limit of Experimental Buckling Loads of Circular Cylinders, Stahlbau, vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 353-360, 1972. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50992-6_23
[31]	W. Guggenberger, R. Greiner, J. M. Rotter, The Behavior of Locally Supported Cylindrical Shells: Unstiffened Shells, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 56, pp. 175-197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(99)00102-9 2000
[32]	W. Schneider, K. Hohn, I. Timmel, R. Thiele, Quasi-collapse-affine Imperfections in Slender Wind-loaded Cylindrical Steel Shells, in Proceedings of 2nd European Conference on Computational Mechanics - ECCM-2001, Cracow, Poland, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-005-0728-8
[33]	C. Y. Song, J. G. Teng, and J. M. Rotter, "Imperfection Sensitivity of Thin Elastic Cylindrical Shells Subject to Partial Axial Compression," International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 41, pp. 7155-7180, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.05.040
[34]	ABAQUS, ABAQUS Theory Manual, Dassault Systèmes Siulia Corp., Providence, RI, USA, 2020. Available from https://classes.engineering.wustl.edu/2009/spring/mase5513/abaqus/docs/v6.6/books/stm/default.htm [ accessed on 8th Nov 2024]

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Rajib, S., Chen, L. (2024). Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 12(6), 178-187. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Rajib, S.; Chen, L. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 178-187. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Rajib S, Chen L. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads. Am J Civ Eng. 2024;12(6):178-187. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11,
  author = {Shek Rajib and Lei Chen},
  title = {Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads
},
  journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
  volume = {12},
  number = {6},
  pages = {178-187},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20241206.11},
  abstract = {This paper investigates the buckling behavior of Q690 high-strength steel tubes under combined axial compression and bending loads through experimental testing and finite element analysis (FEA). A total of 27 full-scale specimens with varying slenderness ratios (λ) and diameter-to-thickness (D/t) ratios were tested to evaluate their load-bearing capacity, deformation characteristics, and failure modes. The experimental setup replicated real-world conditions, with constant axial loads applied alongside incremental bending moments until failure occurred. FEA models, developed using ABAQUS, incorporated geometric imperfections and material nonlinearities to simulate realistic structural behavior and predict critical buckling moments. The comparison between experimental and numerical results showed strong agreement, with deviations ranging from 5.6% to 7.9%, confirming the reliability of the simulations. The findings indicate that tubes with higher D/t ratios are more sensitive to imperfections, experiencing significant reductions in post-buckling moment capacity, while those with lower D/t ratios demonstrated greater resistance to buckling and maintained higher structural integrity. The transition between global and local buckling modes was effectively captured by both experimental and numerical approaches, validating the robustness of the models. This study emphasizes the importance of accounting for geometric imperfections and residual stresses in design practices to ensure the safety and reliability of high-strength steel structures under combined loading conditions. Additionally, the results underscore the effectiveness of advanced FEA tools in predicting structural behavior, providing valuable insights for improving design codes and practices. Future research is recommended to explore dynamic loading scenarios, such as wind or seismic effects, to further enhance the applicability of Q690 steel tubes in critical infrastructure projects.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads

AU  - Shek Rajib
AU  - Lei Chen
Y1  - 2024/11/21
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11
T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
SP  - 178
EP  - 187
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11
AB  - This paper investigates the buckling behavior of Q690 high-strength steel tubes under combined axial compression and bending loads through experimental testing and finite element analysis (FEA). A total of 27 full-scale specimens with varying slenderness ratios (λ) and diameter-to-thickness (D/t) ratios were tested to evaluate their load-bearing capacity, deformation characteristics, and failure modes. The experimental setup replicated real-world conditions, with constant axial loads applied alongside incremental bending moments until failure occurred. FEA models, developed using ABAQUS, incorporated geometric imperfections and material nonlinearities to simulate realistic structural behavior and predict critical buckling moments. The comparison between experimental and numerical results showed strong agreement, with deviations ranging from 5.6% to 7.9%, confirming the reliability of the simulations. The findings indicate that tubes with higher D/t ratios are more sensitive to imperfections, experiencing significant reductions in post-buckling moment capacity, while those with lower D/t ratios demonstrated greater resistance to buckling and maintained higher structural integrity. The transition between global and local buckling modes was effectively captured by both experimental and numerical approaches, validating the robustness of the models. This study emphasizes the importance of accounting for geometric imperfections and residual stresses in design practices to ensure the safety and reliability of high-strength steel structures under combined loading conditions. Additionally, the results underscore the effectiveness of advanced FEA tools in predicting structural behavior, providing valuable insights for improving design codes and practices. Future research is recommended to explore dynamic loading scenarios, such as wind or seismic effects, to further enhance the applicability of Q690 steel tubes in critical infrastructure projects.

VL  - 12
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Shek Rajib

School of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0003-8219-7643
Lei Chen

School of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China

Contact Email

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Rajib, S., Chen, L. (2024). Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 12(6), 178-187. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Rajib, S.; Chen, L. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2024, 12(6), 178-187. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Rajib S, Chen L. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads. Am J Civ Eng. 2024;12(6):178-187. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11,
  author = {Shek Rajib and Lei Chen},
  title = {Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads
},
  journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
  volume = {12},
  number = {6},
  pages = {178-187},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20241206.11},
  abstract = {This paper investigates the buckling behavior of Q690 high-strength steel tubes under combined axial compression and bending loads through experimental testing and finite element analysis (FEA). A total of 27 full-scale specimens with varying slenderness ratios (λ) and diameter-to-thickness (D/t) ratios were tested to evaluate their load-bearing capacity, deformation characteristics, and failure modes. The experimental setup replicated real-world conditions, with constant axial loads applied alongside incremental bending moments until failure occurred. FEA models, developed using ABAQUS, incorporated geometric imperfections and material nonlinearities to simulate realistic structural behavior and predict critical buckling moments. The comparison between experimental and numerical results showed strong agreement, with deviations ranging from 5.6% to 7.9%, confirming the reliability of the simulations. The findings indicate that tubes with higher D/t ratios are more sensitive to imperfections, experiencing significant reductions in post-buckling moment capacity, while those with lower D/t ratios demonstrated greater resistance to buckling and maintained higher structural integrity. The transition between global and local buckling modes was effectively captured by both experimental and numerical approaches, validating the robustness of the models. This study emphasizes the importance of accounting for geometric imperfections and residual stresses in design practices to ensure the safety and reliability of high-strength steel structures under combined loading conditions. Additionally, the results underscore the effectiveness of advanced FEA tools in predicting structural behavior, providing valuable insights for improving design codes and practices. Future research is recommended to explore dynamic loading scenarios, such as wind or seismic effects, to further enhance the applicability of Q690 steel tubes in critical infrastructure projects.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Buckling Behaviour in Q690 High-Strength Steel Tubes Under Combined Axial Compression and Bending Loads

AU  - Shek Rajib
AU  - Lei Chen
Y1  - 2024/11/21
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11
T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
SP  - 178
EP  - 187
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20241206.11
AB  - This paper investigates the buckling behavior of Q690 high-strength steel tubes under combined axial compression and bending loads through experimental testing and finite element analysis (FEA). A total of 27 full-scale specimens with varying slenderness ratios (λ) and diameter-to-thickness (D/t) ratios were tested to evaluate their load-bearing capacity, deformation characteristics, and failure modes. The experimental setup replicated real-world conditions, with constant axial loads applied alongside incremental bending moments until failure occurred. FEA models, developed using ABAQUS, incorporated geometric imperfections and material nonlinearities to simulate realistic structural behavior and predict critical buckling moments. The comparison between experimental and numerical results showed strong agreement, with deviations ranging from 5.6% to 7.9%, confirming the reliability of the simulations. The findings indicate that tubes with higher D/t ratios are more sensitive to imperfections, experiencing significant reductions in post-buckling moment capacity, while those with lower D/t ratios demonstrated greater resistance to buckling and maintained higher structural integrity. The transition between global and local buckling modes was effectively captured by both experimental and numerical approaches, validating the robustness of the models. This study emphasizes the importance of accounting for geometric imperfections and residual stresses in design practices to ensure the safety and reliability of high-strength steel structures under combined loading conditions. Additionally, the results underscore the effectiveness of advanced FEA tools in predicting structural behavior, providing valuable insights for improving design codes and practices. Future research is recommended to explore dynamic loading scenarios, such as wind or seismic effects, to further enhance the applicability of Q690 steel tubes in critical infrastructure projects.

VL  - 12
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download