Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia

Bati Dube; Achalu Chimdi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16

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Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia

Bati Dube, Achalu Chimdi

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 9, Issue 5)

Received: 29 September 2021 Accepted: 21 October 2021 Published: 30 October 2021

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Abstract

In spitefulness of the increase in land areas under maize production, yield is still low due to declining soil fertility because of un-appropriate use of fertilizer rates and placement methods. Therefore this study was conducted to determine P fertilization rates and the relative effectiveness of different placement methods on the yield, P uptake of maize and concentration of P in the soil. The experiment was carried out at Bedele district. Four level of P fertilizer (0, 23, 46 and 69 P₂O₅ kgha^-1) and three placement methods of P application (broadcasting P and seeds, surface banding P to the side of the seeds, and deep band P fertilizer below the seeds) were implemented as treatments with three replications in randomized complete block design. Dry biomass, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index, residual soil P, and total P in grain were highly significantly (P< 0.01) influenced by effect of P fertilizer rates and placement methods. Total P in the soil significantly (P<0.05) influenced by placement methods. Mean plant height, total N in the grain and total N in the stalks highly significant (P<0.01) influenced by effect of P fertilizer rates and its placement methods. The mean days to maturity highly significantly (P<0.01) influenced only by P fertilizer rates. The highest grain yield (78.40 qt ha^-1) and biomass yield (142.11 qt ha^-1) were noted from surface banding of P fertilizer to the sides of the seeds at application of 69 P₂O₅ kg /ha respectively when compared with the no P₂O₅ application. However, P and N uptakes by Maize ranged from 0.84% with no P₂O₅ to 1.32% at the rate of 69 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 and 0.656% with no P₂O₅ to 1.04% at rate of 69 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1, respectively. Also, the residual soil P after harvest of the maize ranged from 1.312 with no P₂O₅ to 11.79ppm was recorded at application of 69 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1. Therefore, using surface banding P fertilizer to the sides of the seeds with 69kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 to increase the production of maize over increase the efficiency of P uptake.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 9, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16
Page(s)	319-333
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Maize BH661, Recommended Fertilizer Rate, Urea, Band Application, Soil P, Nutrient Uptake

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Bati Dube, Achalu Chimdi. (2021). Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 9(5), 319-333. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16

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Bati Dube; Achalu Chimdi. Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia. Am. J. Agric. For. 2021, 9(5), 319-333. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16

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Bati Dube, Achalu Chimdi. Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia. Am J Agric For. 2021;9(5):319-333. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16,
  author = {Bati Dube and Achalu Chimdi},
  title = {Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {9},
  number = {5},
  pages = {319-333},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20210905.16},
  abstract = {In spitefulness of the increase in land areas under maize production, yield is still low due to declining soil fertility because of un-appropriate use of fertilizer rates and placement methods. Therefore this study was conducted to determine P fertilization rates and the relative effectiveness of different placement methods on the yield, P uptake of maize and concentration of P in the soil. The experiment was carried out at Bedele district. Four level of P fertilizer (0, 23, 46 and 69 P2O5 kgha-1) and three placement methods of P application (broadcasting P and seeds, surface banding P to the side of the seeds, and deep band P fertilizer below the seeds) were implemented as treatments with three replications in randomized complete block design. Dry biomass, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index, residual soil P, and total P in grain were highly significantly (P-1) and biomass yield (142.11 qt ha-1) were noted from surface banding of P fertilizer to the sides of the seeds at application of 69 P2O5 kg /ha respectively when compared with the no P2O5 application. However, P and N uptakes by Maize ranged from 0.84% with no P2O5 to 1.32% at the rate of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 0.656% with no P2O5 to 1.04% at rate of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1, respectively. Also, the residual soil P after harvest of the maize ranged from 1.312 with no P2O5 to 11.79ppm was recorded at application of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1. Therefore, using surface banding P fertilizer to the sides of the seeds with 69kg P2O5 ha-1 to increase the production of maize over increase the efficiency of P uptake.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia
AU  - Bati Dube
AU  - Achalu Chimdi
Y1  - 2021/10/30
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 319
EP  - 333
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16
AB  - In spitefulness of the increase in land areas under maize production, yield is still low due to declining soil fertility because of un-appropriate use of fertilizer rates and placement methods. Therefore this study was conducted to determine P fertilization rates and the relative effectiveness of different placement methods on the yield, P uptake of maize and concentration of P in the soil. The experiment was carried out at Bedele district. Four level of P fertilizer (0, 23, 46 and 69 P2O5 kgha-1) and three placement methods of P application (broadcasting P and seeds, surface banding P to the side of the seeds, and deep band P fertilizer below the seeds) were implemented as treatments with three replications in randomized complete block design. Dry biomass, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index, residual soil P, and total P in grain were highly significantly (P-1) and biomass yield (142.11 qt ha-1) were noted from surface banding of P fertilizer to the sides of the seeds at application of 69 P2O5 kg /ha respectively when compared with the no P2O5 application. However, P and N uptakes by Maize ranged from 0.84% with no P2O5 to 1.32% at the rate of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 0.656% with no P2O5 to 1.04% at rate of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1, respectively. Also, the residual soil P after harvest of the maize ranged from 1.312 with no P2O5 to 11.79ppm was recorded at application of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1. Therefore, using surface banding P fertilizer to the sides of the seeds with 69kg P2O5 ha-1 to increase the production of maize over increase the efficiency of P uptake.
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Bati Dube

Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Bedele Agricultural Research Center, Bedele, Ethiopia
Achalu Chimdi

Department of Natural Resources Management, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia

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Bati Dube, Achalu Chimdi. (2021). Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 9(5), 319-333. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16

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ACS Style

Bati Dube; Achalu Chimdi. Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia. Am. J. Agric. For. 2021, 9(5), 319-333. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16

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AMA Style

Bati Dube, Achalu Chimdi. Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia. Am J Agric For. 2021;9(5):319-333. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16,
  author = {Bati Dube and Achalu Chimdi},
  title = {Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {9},
  number = {5},
  pages = {319-333},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20210905.16},
  abstract = {In spitefulness of the increase in land areas under maize production, yield is still low due to declining soil fertility because of un-appropriate use of fertilizer rates and placement methods. Therefore this study was conducted to determine P fertilization rates and the relative effectiveness of different placement methods on the yield, P uptake of maize and concentration of P in the soil. The experiment was carried out at Bedele district. Four level of P fertilizer (0, 23, 46 and 69 P2O5 kgha-1) and three placement methods of P application (broadcasting P and seeds, surface banding P to the side of the seeds, and deep band P fertilizer below the seeds) were implemented as treatments with three replications in randomized complete block design. Dry biomass, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index, residual soil P, and total P in grain were highly significantly (P-1) and biomass yield (142.11 qt ha-1) were noted from surface banding of P fertilizer to the sides of the seeds at application of 69 P2O5 kg /ha respectively when compared with the no P2O5 application. However, P and N uptakes by Maize ranged from 0.84% with no P2O5 to 1.32% at the rate of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 0.656% with no P2O5 to 1.04% at rate of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1, respectively. Also, the residual soil P after harvest of the maize ranged from 1.312 with no P2O5 to 11.79ppm was recorded at application of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1. Therefore, using surface banding P fertilizer to the sides of the seeds with 69kg P2O5 ha-1 to increase the production of maize over increase the efficiency of P uptake.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates and Its Placement Methods on Residual Soil Phosphorus, Yield, and Phosphorus Uptake of Maize: At Bedele District, Ethiopia
AU  - Bati Dube
AU  - Achalu Chimdi
Y1  - 2021/10/30
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 319
EP  - 333
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210905.16
AB  - In spitefulness of the increase in land areas under maize production, yield is still low due to declining soil fertility because of un-appropriate use of fertilizer rates and placement methods. Therefore this study was conducted to determine P fertilization rates and the relative effectiveness of different placement methods on the yield, P uptake of maize and concentration of P in the soil. The experiment was carried out at Bedele district. Four level of P fertilizer (0, 23, 46 and 69 P2O5 kgha-1) and three placement methods of P application (broadcasting P and seeds, surface banding P to the side of the seeds, and deep band P fertilizer below the seeds) were implemented as treatments with three replications in randomized complete block design. Dry biomass, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index, residual soil P, and total P in grain were highly significantly (P-1) and biomass yield (142.11 qt ha-1) were noted from surface banding of P fertilizer to the sides of the seeds at application of 69 P2O5 kg /ha respectively when compared with the no P2O5 application. However, P and N uptakes by Maize ranged from 0.84% with no P2O5 to 1.32% at the rate of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 0.656% with no P2O5 to 1.04% at rate of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1, respectively. Also, the residual soil P after harvest of the maize ranged from 1.312 with no P2O5 to 11.79ppm was recorded at application of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1. Therefore, using surface banding P fertilizer to the sides of the seeds with 69kg P2O5 ha-1 to increase the production of maize over increase the efficiency of P uptake.
VL  - 9
IS  - 5
ER  -

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