Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan

Muhammad Ashraf; Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir; Muhammad Nasir; Muhammad Bilal Khan; Farah Umer

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan

Muhammad Ashraf, Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir, Muhammad Nasir, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Farah Umer

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 11 February 2015 Accepted: 26 February 2015 Published: 2 March 2015

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

During last five years 2008-09 to 2012-13, a study was conducted to assess the fertility and salinity/sodicity status of district Layyah for the provision of guidelines to farmers and researchers for better crop production. Representative soil samples received/collected from farmers’ fields were analyzed for texture, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, organic matter (O.M) and available phosphorus (P). A total of 31032 soil samples were collected from all tehsils of Layyah district, (15768 samples from tehsil Layyah, 7650 from Karor Lal Eisen, and 7614 from Chaubara). These soil samples were tested in Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Layyah and fertilizer recommendations were served to farmers according to soil and crop. The results showed that, soil texture of 91.18% soil samples was sandy loam (light), 8.53% loam (medium) and 0.29% clayey (heavy). About 99.42% soil samples had EC values within the normal range (< 4 dS m-1) while 0.68% had (> 4 dS m-1). The pH of 88.43% soil samples was up to 8.5 whereas 11.57% had >8.5. Organic matter content of 94.20% soil sample was poor (<0.86%), 5.25% medium (0.86-1.29%) and only 0.55% adequate (>1.29%). Available phosphorus of 67.75% soil sample was poor, (<7 mg kg-1), 25.00% medium (7.1-14 mg kg-1) while only 7.25% adequate (>14 mg kg-1). Awareness camps, rallies and training programmes can be arranged for farmers regarding the benefits of soil and water testing, balanced use of chemical fertilizers and use of organic agriculture in crop production in improving soil fertility and nutrition status.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11
Page(s)	16-20
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Soil analysis, EC, pH, OM, P, Layyah, Nutrient Index

References

[1]	Ahmed, N. and M. Rashid. 2003. Fertilizer Use in Pakistan. NFDC. Planning and Development division, Islamabad. 141p.
[2]	Anon. 2003. Fertilizers and their Use in Pakistan. Training Bulletin. 3rd Ed. NFDC, Islamabad.
[3]	Anon. 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. USDA Handbook No. 60, U. S. Salinity Lab. Staff. Washington, DC, USA. p. 16-17.
[4]	Cooke, G.W.1982. An introduction to soil analysis. World Crops 1: 8-9.
[5]	Doran, J.W. and M.S. Smith. 1987. Organic matter management and utilization of soil and fertilizer nutrients. p. 53-71. In: Soil Fertility and Organic Matter as Critical Components of Production System. J.J. Mortvedt and D.R. Buxton (eds). Soil Science Society of America, WI, USA.
[6]	FAO. "Land Resources Evaluation and The Role of Land-related Indicators, by W.G. Sombroek", Land Quality Indicators and Their Use in Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development, land and water bulletin, 5. Rome, [1997].
[7]	FAO. "A Frame work for Land Evaluation", Soils Bulletin, 32. Rome, [1993].
[8]	J. Ryan., "Soil Fertility Enhancement in Mediterranean-type Dryland Agriculture: A Prerequisite for Development. In Challenges and Strategies of Dryland Agriculture", Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy [2004].
[9]	Latif, R., S. Ali and R. Hayat. 2008. Nitrogen fixation and yield of peanut affected by inorganic fertilizers, variety and inoculums interaction in rainfed areas of Punjab. Soil and Environment 27(1): 77-83.
[10]	Mahmood, T., H. Mahmood, M. R. Raja and K. H. Gill. 1998. Soil fertility status of Rawalpindi district. Pak. J. Soil Sci. 14 (1-2): 66-69.
[11]	Malik, D. M., M. A. Khan and T. A. Chaudhry. 1984. Analysis Manual for Soils, Plants and Waters. Rapid Soil Fertility Survey and Soil Testing Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.
[12]	Motsara, M.R. 2002. Available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium status of Indian soils as depicted by soil fertility maps. Fertilizer News 47(8):15-21.
[13]	Nelson, S.W. and I.E. Sommers. 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. P. 539-80. In: Methods of Soil Analysis. Chemical and Microbial Properties. Agron. No. 9. Part 2, 2nd Ed. A.L. Page (ed.). American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
[14]	Olsen, S.O. and I.E. Sommers. 1982. Phosphorus. p. 403-430. In: Methods of Soil Analysis. A.L.Page (ed.). Chemical and Microbial Properties. Part 2, 2nd Ed. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
[15]	Rafiq, M. 1996. Soil resources of Pakistan. p. 439-469. In: Soil Science. E. Bashir and R. Bantel (eds.). National Book Foundation. Islamabad, Pakistan.
[16]	Rashid, A. 1994. Nutrient Indexing Surveys and Micronutrient Requirement of Crops. NARC, Islamabad.
[17]	Rashid, A. 1993. Nutrient disorders of rapeseed-mutard and wheat grown in Potohar area. Micronutrient Project. Annual Report 1991-92. NARC, Islamabad.
[18]	Rehman, O., A. A. Sheikh and K. H. Gill. 2000. Available phosphorus and pH status of Attock soils. Pak. J. Agri. Sci. 37 (1-2): 74-76.
[19]	Schofield, R.K. and A.W. Taylor. 1955. The measurement of soil pH. Soil Science Society of America Proceeding 19: 164-167.
[20]	Soil Salinity Lab. Staff. 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. USDA Hand book 60, Washington, D.C., USA.
[21]	Tager, S. and A. Bhatti. 2001. Physical properties of soil. p. 113-144. In: Soil Science. E. Bashir and R. Bantel (eds.). National Book Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Muhammad Ashraf, Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir, Muhammad Nasir, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Farah Umer. (2015). Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 3(2), 16-20. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Muhammad Ashraf; Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir; Muhammad Nasir; Muhammad Bilal Khan; Farah Umer. Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan. Am. J. Agric. For. 2015, 3(2), 16-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Muhammad Ashraf, Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir, Muhammad Nasir, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Farah Umer. Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan. Am J Agric For. 2015;3(2):16-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11,
  author = {Muhammad Ashraf and Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir and Muhammad Nasir and Muhammad Bilal Khan and Farah Umer},
  title = {Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {16-20},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20150302.11},
  abstract = {During last five years 2008-09 to 2012-13, a study was conducted to assess the fertility and salinity/sodicity status of district Layyah for the provision of guidelines to farmers and researchers for better crop production. Representative soil samples received/collected from farmers’ fields were analyzed for texture, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, organic matter (O.M) and available phosphorus (P). A total of 31032 soil samples were collected from all tehsils of Layyah district, (15768 samples from tehsil Layyah, 7650 from Karor Lal Eisen, and 7614 from Chaubara). These soil samples were tested in Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Layyah and fertilizer recommendations were served to farmers according to soil and crop. The results showed that, soil texture of 91.18% soil samples was sandy loam (light), 8.53% loam (medium) and 0.29% clayey (heavy). About 99.42% soil samples had EC values within the normal range ( 4 dS m-1). The pH of 88.43% soil samples was up to 8.5 whereas 11.57% had >8.5. Organic matter content of 94.20% soil sample was poor (1.29%). Available phosphorus of 67.75% soil sample was poor, (14 mg kg-1). Awareness camps, rallies and training programmes can be arranged for farmers regarding the benefits of soil and water testing, balanced use of chemical fertilizers and use of organic agriculture in crop production in improving soil fertility and nutrition status.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan
AU  - Muhammad Ashraf
AU  - Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir
AU  - Muhammad Nasir
AU  - Muhammad Bilal Khan
AU  - Farah Umer
Y1  - 2015/03/02
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 16
EP  - 20
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11
AB  - During last five years 2008-09 to 2012-13, a study was conducted to assess the fertility and salinity/sodicity status of district Layyah for the provision of guidelines to farmers and researchers for better crop production. Representative soil samples received/collected from farmers’ fields were analyzed for texture, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, organic matter (O.M) and available phosphorus (P). A total of 31032 soil samples were collected from all tehsils of Layyah district, (15768 samples from tehsil Layyah, 7650 from Karor Lal Eisen, and 7614 from Chaubara). These soil samples were tested in Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Layyah and fertilizer recommendations were served to farmers according to soil and crop. The results showed that, soil texture of 91.18% soil samples was sandy loam (light), 8.53% loam (medium) and 0.29% clayey (heavy). About 99.42% soil samples had EC values within the normal range ( 4 dS m-1). The pH of 88.43% soil samples was up to 8.5 whereas 11.57% had >8.5. Organic matter content of 94.20% soil sample was poor (1.29%). Available phosphorus of 67.75% soil sample was poor, (14 mg kg-1). Awareness camps, rallies and training programmes can be arranged for farmers regarding the benefits of soil and water testing, balanced use of chemical fertilizers and use of organic agriculture in crop production in improving soil fertility and nutrition status.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Muhammad Ashraf

Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Layyah, Punjab Pakistan
Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir

Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Layyah, Punjab Pakistan
Muhammad Nasir

Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Multan, Punjab Pakistan
Muhammad Bilal Khan

Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Muzaffar Garh, Punjab Pakistan
Farah Umer

Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Layyah, Punjab Pakistan

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Muhammad Ashraf, Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir, Muhammad Nasir, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Farah Umer. (2015). Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 3(2), 16-20. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Muhammad Ashraf; Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir; Muhammad Nasir; Muhammad Bilal Khan; Farah Umer. Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan. Am. J. Agric. For. 2015, 3(2), 16-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Muhammad Ashraf, Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir, Muhammad Nasir, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Farah Umer. Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan. Am J Agric For. 2015;3(2):16-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11,
  author = {Muhammad Ashraf and Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir and Muhammad Nasir and Muhammad Bilal Khan and Farah Umer},
  title = {Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {16-20},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20150302.11},
  abstract = {During last five years 2008-09 to 2012-13, a study was conducted to assess the fertility and salinity/sodicity status of district Layyah for the provision of guidelines to farmers and researchers for better crop production. Representative soil samples received/collected from farmers’ fields were analyzed for texture, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, organic matter (O.M) and available phosphorus (P). A total of 31032 soil samples were collected from all tehsils of Layyah district, (15768 samples from tehsil Layyah, 7650 from Karor Lal Eisen, and 7614 from Chaubara). These soil samples were tested in Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Layyah and fertilizer recommendations were served to farmers according to soil and crop. The results showed that, soil texture of 91.18% soil samples was sandy loam (light), 8.53% loam (medium) and 0.29% clayey (heavy). About 99.42% soil samples had EC values within the normal range ( 4 dS m-1). The pH of 88.43% soil samples was up to 8.5 whereas 11.57% had >8.5. Organic matter content of 94.20% soil sample was poor (1.29%). Available phosphorus of 67.75% soil sample was poor, (14 mg kg-1). Awareness camps, rallies and training programmes can be arranged for farmers regarding the benefits of soil and water testing, balanced use of chemical fertilizers and use of organic agriculture in crop production in improving soil fertility and nutrition status.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan
AU  - Muhammad Ashraf
AU  - Fayyaz Ahmad Tahir
AU  - Muhammad Nasir
AU  - Muhammad Bilal Khan
AU  - Farah Umer
Y1  - 2015/03/02
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 16
EP  - 20
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20150302.11
AB  - During last five years 2008-09 to 2012-13, a study was conducted to assess the fertility and salinity/sodicity status of district Layyah for the provision of guidelines to farmers and researchers for better crop production. Representative soil samples received/collected from farmers’ fields were analyzed for texture, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, organic matter (O.M) and available phosphorus (P). A total of 31032 soil samples were collected from all tehsils of Layyah district, (15768 samples from tehsil Layyah, 7650 from Karor Lal Eisen, and 7614 from Chaubara). These soil samples were tested in Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Layyah and fertilizer recommendations were served to farmers according to soil and crop. The results showed that, soil texture of 91.18% soil samples was sandy loam (light), 8.53% loam (medium) and 0.29% clayey (heavy). About 99.42% soil samples had EC values within the normal range ( 4 dS m-1). The pH of 88.43% soil samples was up to 8.5 whereas 11.57% had >8.5. Organic matter content of 94.20% soil sample was poor (1.29%). Available phosphorus of 67.75% soil sample was poor, (14 mg kg-1). Awareness camps, rallies and training programmes can be arranged for farmers regarding the benefits of soil and water testing, balanced use of chemical fertilizers and use of organic agriculture in crop production in improving soil fertility and nutrition status.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download